【作者】 陈金鹰；

【导师】 钟本善；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 随着地震勘探的深入，检波器精度不断提高，数据采集方法不断更新，勘探区域内检波器的密度越来越高。由此带来的是对巨量数据的收集、传输和加工处理问题。据此，本论文在对地震勘探仪器发展过程进行分析的基础上，针对数据采集和传输各个环节相关技术进行了综合研究，其主要内容包括： (1) 比较了各类检波器性能，分析了A／D变化数字位数对提高检波器性能产生的影响。为了降低在大规模数字检波器应用中的成本，提出硬件功能的软件化处理思想，通过使原由硬件完成的功能改由软件完成，达到简化检波器和采集站结构的目的。 (2) 提出阵列成道法施工方案，可通过对多个数字检波器任意组合形成新道，将原由采集站完成的部分功能下移到数字检波器去完成，使整个信号采集系统全数字化。并对此种情况下采集站的功能和传输信道界面功能进行了重新分配。 (3) 为解决有线传输中存在的问题，提出利用非金属复合材料导线进行地震勘探数据传输和远程电源供给的方案，为有线方式数据传输开辟了新的途经。测试实验表明，这种导线不仅具有光纤重量轻、抗干扰能力强的特性，还具有抗拉抗折的优点，并且可直接与金属导体连接不用进行光电转换，这些特性在沼泽、海洋地震勘探中具有独特的应用前景。 (4) 分析了自由空间光通信(FSO)的技术特点，提出将FSO用于无线检波器的设计方案。完成了可用于地震勘探数据传输的低成本FSO传输系统设计。 (5) 为解决不同应用环境无线检波器传输问题，对IMS频段的几种无线技术进行了研究比较，进行了对nRF905、nRF401芯片组成的无线收发模块试验。讨论了GSM／GPRS／CDMA在地震勘探领域应用的条件和应用范围。对采用802.11标准的Wi-Fi技术，IEEE 802.16x标准的WiMAX技术和IEEE 802.15.4标准扩展集的ZigBee技术的特点与应用也进行了讨论。 (6) 发展了法国Sercel公司提出的地震区域网络和远程控制系统概念和对地震勘探现场数据进行远距离实时传输的思想。提出满足此功能的通信网络体系CONGN。 上述研究成果，对地震勘探数据采集与新的传输体系的建立，具有积极的意义，所进行大量试验表明，一些技术不仅可用于地震勘探领域，还可应用于其它相关的信号检测和通信领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the advance of seismic exploration, the precision of the geophones is improved incessantly; the way of the data gathered is updated constantly, the density of the geophones in a prospected region is much increased. Therefore, the problem is that there is a great amount of data which needs to be gathered, transferred, and processed.This dissertation is based on the synthetical analysis of the developing procedures of seismic exploration instruments. The research is on the interrelated technology concered with data gathering and transmitting. The main contents are as following:(1) The different kinds of geophones are compared. The A/D converter data digits affection to the geophones behaviour is analysied. The concept that substitute hardware function by software to lower the geophones cost in large-scale digital geophones applications is proposed. The structures of geophone and the field digitizing unit are predigested.(2) The array-making-channel-scheme which forms a new channel by many digital geophones is proposed. The parcel function of field digitizing unit is substituted by digital geophone which realizing the whole signal gathering system with digitization. Further, the function of field digitizing unit and signal channel interfaces are relocated.(3) The use of nonmetal compound material wire to transmit data and to supply power is proposed. This breaks a new way for transferring data. The test shows that this kind of wire has light weight and good anti-electromagnetic-interference character as fiber-optic does. It also has good advantage in anti-drew and anti-fold. What is more, the wire connects with metal conductor without the conversion of light to electricity. These characteristics make it can be applied in swamp, ocean and other entironment for seismic exploration.(4) After the analysis of the features of free space optical communication (FSO), the design scheme which uses FSO as radio geophone is put forward. A design of low更多还原