【作者】 杨淑静；

【导师】 宋国君；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 聚丙烯发泡材料以其优越的物理机械性能、耐热性能和可降解回收性能等已成为新世纪发泡塑料的新宠，其应用前景十分诱人。然而，常规的聚丙烯因其熔体强度低和结晶性强而无法实现有效的发泡。寻找简单易行，成本低廉，行之有效的高熔体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)的制备方法是制备聚丙烯发泡材料的最关键的技术。本文在青岛市重点攻关项目的资助下，通过大量试验研究，创新性地通过对常规PP进行反应挤出接枝，一步完成硅烷接枝并交联，获得了部分交联HMSPP(熔体强度比接枝前高4倍)，并申请了国家发明专利。同时，创新性地优选出了复合发泡体系并加入纳米成核剂进行发泡，成功地制备除了具有均匀细腻泡孔和高闭孔率的PP发泡材料，为PP发泡材料的制备开辟了一条崭新的途径，具有重大的推广应用前景。本文详细研究了原料配方、制备工艺等对部分交联HMSPP各项性能的影响规律，并对反应机理进行了研究探索。 1、一步法硅烷接枝交联聚丙烯的研究 首次采用传统均聚型PP、过氧化物引发剂，不饱和硅烷接枝单体，多官能团接枝助剂，特殊催化剂，在双螺杆挤出机中反应挤出，使PP在接枝的同时实现部分交联(称为“一步法”)，成功地制备出了HMSPP。并申请了发明国家专利。对上述各种试剂的品种和用量对HMSPP的接枝交联情况、熔融结晶行为、热性能等的影响规律进行了详细研究，并对一步法接枝并交联机理进行仔细探索。 (1)首先，本论文通过反应挤出法一步实现PP的接枝与交联。研究所得的HMSPP与接枝交联前相比，熔体强度提高4倍以上，熔体更多还原

【Abstract】 PP foam has become a new favor of the field of foaming in the 21st century owing to its wonderful mechanical property and heat resistance, its reclaimable and degradable properties, etc. The prospect of PP foam’s application is very tempting. However, the traditional PP can not realize an effective foaming due to its poor melt-strength and strong crystalline performance. It is the most pivotal technology to research for a simple, low costing and effective method of preparing high-melt-strength PP (HMSPP). In this thesis, based on detailed experiment and study, a novel one-step silane cross-linking and grafting method, realized by modifying traditional PP using reactive extrusion, has been used to prepare HMSPP with partial cross-linking (the melt strength is four times of the pre-grafted). The research was funded by Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Commission, and a correlative patent has been applied for. At the same time, the high-quality foam with fine, uniform cells and high close-cells degree has been fabricated successfully using HMSPP and a composite foaming system adding nanometer nuclear agents, which was made in our lab. This novel method opens a new approach for the preparation of PP foam, which has great prospect for application. This paper studies the influence of material prescription, art of preparation, etc. on the properties of partial cross-linked HMSPP in detail, and the reactive mechanism is also explored. 1. Research on "one-step" silane cross-linking and grafting PPFor the first time, using traditional isotactic PP, the peroxide as an initiator, unsaturated silane as a grafting monomer, multi-functional compound as a grafting coagent and a special catalyst, a partial crosslinked PP with high melt strength is prepared successfully by the reactive extrusion in twin-screw extruder. During the process, the grafting and partial cross-linking of PP occurred simultaneity (named "one-step"). Furthermore, the national patent has been applied. The influences of type更多还原