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中国中小企业信贷融资问题研究

A Study on Financing and Credit for SMEs of China

【作者】 包惠

【导师】 郭耀煌;

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2006, 博士

【摘要】 中小企业是一个国家和地区经济发展最为活跃的部分,在国民经济中占有极其重要的地位。扶持中小企业的成长,是每一个国家和地区政府都十分关注的重要的经济问题和管理问题。中国作为发展中国家,在建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制过程中,面对我国经济相对落后、地区差别大、人口众多的客观条件,大力发展中小企业是我们的必然选择。在我国建立社会主义市场经济的实践中,中小企业在经济、社会发展中的地位和作用已经显现,并将进一步发挥重要的作用。因此,认真分析中小企业发展中的问题,研究制定与之相适应的政策,促进中小企业快速健康发展,是摆在我们面前的重大历史课题。 中小企业在发展和成长过程中始终面临着人力资源的开发与管理、技术与创新、市场与开发、企业发展资金的筹措等问题。这些问题无不时刻困扰着中小企业的经营管理者,影响着中小企业的健康成长和快速发展。而在诸多的制约因素中,中小企业融资难问题尤为突出。中小企业融资难是世界上所有发达国家和发展中国家面临的共同问题。我国中小企业的发展正处在建立社会主义市场经济的宏观社会大背景下,企业产权制度发生着急剧的变革,金融市场的市场化程度不高,使得中小企业融资难问题显得更为突出,更具有其特殊性。在分析发达国家对中小企业融资难问题的研究和实践经验的基础上,结合我国中小企业发展实际,本文重点分析了中国中小企业融资难问题的现状,研究其成因,探讨解决中小企业融资难问题的途径和办法。 本文从中小企业的基本状况入手,用经济学的概念定义了企业规模,对我国改革开放以来中小企业的发展状况进行了归纳性的研究,认真分析了我国中小企业在经济、社会发展中的作用以及影响其发展的制约因素;重点研究了资金的制约问题,根据我国中小企业资金结构状况、融资渠道、融资结构现状,分析了我国中小企业信贷资金需求及其特点;系统分析了我国中小企业融资难问题的成因和主要的融资难点。

【Abstract】 SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises), as the most active element in the economic development of a region and a country, play a significant role in national economy. Backing up the growth of SMEs is an important economic and management issue paid much attention to by every regional and national government. To greatly develop SMEs is an imperative choice of China, as a developing country under the process of establishing and perfecting its socialist market economy, and with huge regional development gaps and a massive population. In our practice of establishing socialist market economy, SMEs have demonstrated their prominent role in economic and social development. Therefore, it has become a critical historic topic to carefully analyze the problems in the growth of SMEs, to formulate adequate policies, and to promote rapid and healthy growth of SMEs.SMEs’ growth involves issues like development and management of human resources, technology and innovation, marketing and R & D, and financing. These issues are constantly bothering the management of SMEs and are dragging behind their sound and rapid growth. Top on all the constraints is financing, which is a shared problem of SMEs in developed and developing countries, particularly of Chinese SMEs as they are growing through the transition of planned economy to market economy, the revolution of property right system, and the insufficiently fledged financial market. This text, based on learning the research results and the practices of advanced countries in financing their SMEs and combining the realities of Chinese SMEs, highlights the difficulties in SMEs financing, studies the reasons behind and attempts some solutions.

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