【作者】 张应中；

【导师】 朱维究；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 宪法与行政法学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 台湾为因应全球电信自由化趋势并遵循WTO入会承诺，于1996年起参考电信先进国家经验，结束官署兼营电信事业型态，另成立国营电信公司经营电信事业；同时采取阶段自由化方式，于1997年起先陆续开放无线行动通信业务，至2000年起始开放以投资传输设备基础建设之服务业，即目前所谓之固定网络通信服务业者，该事业系利用土地资源建设点状及线状之管干线网络之电信基础设施为经营工具，具有自然资源之稀有性质。在官署独占经营至市场寡占型态过程中，引发这些稀少资源的重分配，也松动了市场经营版图，利益的冲突自然难免且方兴未艾，然而处理这类资源重分配问题远比资源分配更为棘手。从实务上观察，虽然目前固网通信市场已经开放，但就设施管道部分仍处于独占状态，业者必须从零开始建置自有之管道设施，为达成政府普建宽带网络之目标，要求每家业者至少应实收400亿元之资本额、100万用户门号或通信端口之最低系统容量，及15万用户门号与通信端口之开台门坎等经营义务，因此，业者必须在一定时程内完成设施管道及宽带网络之建置铺设。此一阶段，市场上既有业者拥有绝大多数基础设施而为市场主导者，新参进业者因对基础设施面临诸多新建困难，很难于短时间跨过进入市场竞争门坎，争议于是浮现。 回顾台湾有关电信基础设施之行政监督管理规范系沿袭欧盟国家有关网络互连及设施共用之管理制度，然而依上述观察台湾电信自由化的时程及措施有其特点。因此，在外国法律制度内国化方面，有感于台湾对本土电信市场与环境宜有更深入及广泛的研究，爰有本文之作。 在研究事项方面，分四项剖析及论证并获致以下研究成果： 其一、归纳台湾电信自由化过程在“电信设施”监管(建设、使用、维护)所面临的争议：以“事物本然之理”探索“电信设施”的本质特性，以及问题产生的根本原因、以“类型”学说归类电信设施争议事实并推导出其基本特征。 其二、设定及分析电信自由化过程具共用性“电信设施”之主要行政监管课题：将监管课题设定为1．财产权、2．资源稀少、3．公益、4．经营效率、5．公平竞争等五项课题；并归整这五项行政监管课题所产生之行政争讼。 其三、研提共用性“电信设施”之认定与审验原则：经以上述五项行政监管课题推导论证四项之认定与审验原则如1．绝对必须共用2．弹性共用3．不得拒绝共更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to the liberalization of global telecommunications and observance of undertakings for accession to World Trade Organization (WTO), a national telecommunication company was established to replace the government controlled telecommunication monopoly by referring to the experiences of industrialized countries. The liberalization of telecommunications was phased in 1997 in relaxation of the wireless mobile telecommunications businesses till 2000 for relaxation of investment in facilities-based service, which is called the fix network operator at present stage. The business triggers the redistribution of these very few resources by taking advantage of natural resources, such as radio frequency and operation on very few lands, in the process of government controlled monopoly through to oligopoly that relaxes the market territory. The conflict of interests cannot be avoided growing, yet the dilemma of redistributing resources is even more difficult to handle, comparing to that of resource distribution. For instance, the facilities based channels are monopoly that the business owners have to build up their own channel facilities with zero albeit the relaxation of fix network operation. Each business is required to establish with paid-up capital of forty billion new Taiwan dollars and with a minimum system capacity of a million phone’s numbers or ports, and to start business with 150 thousand phone’s numbers at the threshold of operation in order to achieve the goal set by the government that broadband network shall be widely established. Under such circumstances, the business owner shall finish the layout of facilities channel and broadband networks within the specified time frame. At this stage, the incumbent business owners who own the majority of infrastructure become the market dominator, while the entrants encounter the challenge of establishing new infrastructure and fail to cross the threshold of market possession, therefore, the disputes arised.The specifications for the telecommunication infrastructure in Taiwan are established in accordance with the EU network and operation on sharable facilities. With a view of the uniqueness concerning the time frame and adopted measures for liberalization of telecommunications industry in this country, and in consideration of nationalization of foreign laws, it is required to conduct study in-depth and widely on更多还原