【作者】 薛克勤；

【导师】 邓军；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 中条山区是我国重要的铜矿集中区,矿床类型多,成矿作用复杂,成矿地质条件优越,进一步找矿前景较好。在地质找矿难度越来越大的情况下,用过去传统找矿模式已难以实现地质找矿的突破,只有对中条山不同类型铜矿形成的诸多因素进行综合研究,提升理论认识水平,调整找矿思路,才是实现地质找矿突破的重要途径。 中条山区为裂谷成矿环境,成矿作用与构造活动关系密切。本文在分析中条山区成矿地质背景的基础上,以裂谷形成演化过程中的岩浆活动热事件及区域性的变形变质作用为主线,运用构造动力成矿和成矿系统理论,从成矿作用过程来研究不同铜矿床类型之间的内在联系,分析成矿规律,总结成矿模式。 本次研究划分出了两期主要的热事件,分别为新太古代绛县期的双峰式火山岩喷发和古元古代中条期的区域动力变质作用及伴随的较大规模基性岩的侵入,反映了裂谷中两次主要的伸展构造运动,其与地幔热柱活动有关。对区域航磁和重力资料研究表明,中条裂谷有两种边界断裂,分布位于裂谷的两侧,一侧为深大边界断裂,一侧为剥离断层,成矿主要与深大断裂有关。中条裂谷的发展过程不平衡,其南东支未形成典型的裂谷,成矿作用主要为优地槽环境下的细碧岩型铜铁矿,西南支以发育双峰式火山岩为特征,为典型的裂谷,成矿作用以喷流沉积为主。通过对喷流沉积和矿石稳定同位素及成矿年龄的研究表明,成矿作用明显分为两期,早期(24亿年和21亿年)成矿物质来源于上地幔或地壳深部,主要形成了矿源层,其赋存于边界深大断裂下降盘形成的次级盆地中;晚期(18亿年)成矿作用与区域动力变质作用有关,决定了矿体的最终定位,是中条铜矿的主要成矿期。地幔热柱活动是成矿作用的主要动力。 中条山区域成矿的有利地段为裂谷边界断裂的下降盘附近和分支断裂的交汇部位。根据构造动力成矿模式,划分出了绛县里册峪-平陆三门铜金铅锌多金属成矿预测区、垣曲铜矿峪-绛县后山村铜矿预测区、垣曲同善-落家河铜铁矿成矿预测区、垣曲阎家池-闻喜东峪沟铜矿成矿预测区。通过对成矿后的地质作用研究表明,中条山区铜矿绝大部分未遭受强烈剥蚀作用,处于隐伏或半隐伏态,在预测区运用先进有效的勘查方法,有希望找到大型隐伏铜矿床。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Zhongtiao mountain is one of the major copper ore concentrated area in China. It has more mineral deposited styles;its ore formation is very complexity;its geological condition of ore formation is very superiority and its foreground of further ore prospecting is very good. A long time ago the geological study work was developed in the Zhongtiao mountain area. Most anciently study were sum up geological phenomenon, it’s not enough to study with ore formation and deep action process of earth;It’s ore formation forecast was built up on deduction through already know chemical anomaly and mineralize, it’s not enough to direction ore prospecting use modern ore formation theory. In case of ore prospecting are more difficulty, it’s hard to carry out breakthrough in ore prospecting that using already know ore deposited to ore finding. The only way of carry out breakthrough in ore prospecting is study more factors of different copper ore and enhance theory level in the Zhongtiao mountain area.The ore formation condition is rift metallogenesis in the Zhongtiao mountain area. The relation is very closed between metallogenesis and tectogenesis, and the tectogenesis is belong to rift metallogenesis systerm. Tectono-dynamic metallogenesis and dynamic metallogenic model believe that tectonism pierce through mineral matter and hydro-liquid of deep part of earth. Lower crust and upper mantle are source area of mineral matter, heat energy and power. This dissertation provide forecast area based on study metallogenesis geologic background in the Zhongtiao mountain, that take the advantage of theory of tectono-dynamic metallogenesis and ore formation system, and analysis the metallogenesis rule between different copper ore style.This dissertation analysis magmata activity thermal event of formation rift evolves process and territorial metamorphism and deformation action, and mark off two stage major thermal events that one is Jiangxian stage basic volcanic rock eruption in upper archaeozoic and the other is Zhongtiao stage territorial dynamic metamorphism with larger scale basic rock irruption. Basic rock is the result of discordogenic fault activity in the rift borderline, territorial dynamic metamorphism show one stage larger scale extensional tectonics activity in rift, these all related with mantle plume activity. The all process of rift evolve have happened metallogenesis, the major metallogenesis related with greater thermal event, the mantle plume is major dynamic force of metallogenesis.Analysis the mineral deposit space regularities of distribution showing that vantage deposit of territorial metallogenesis is fracture’s bottom wall and braid fracture’s interjunction position in the Zhongtiao mountain;analysis the characteristics of occurrence regime and the characteristic of orebody conformation that already know, which showing that orebodies have been controlled by shear structure belt (Tong-kuangyu style) and dogleg side of interbedded fold (Hubi style). Using the theory of tectono-dynamic metallogenesis system analysis how to form vantage deposit of territorial metallogenesis with many factor superposition each other, such as analysis the metallogenesis material source, the mineral removing and concentration channelway, and the ore formation location, etc. some forecast area has been proposed. They are Jiangxian Liceyu-Pinglu Sanmcndong copper, gold, plumbum, zinc metallogenesis forecast area, Yuanqu Tongkuangyu-Jiangxian Houshancun copper metallogenesis forecast area, Yuanqu Tongshan-Luojiahe copper and iron metallogenesis forecast area, Yuanqu Yanjiachi-Wenxi Dongyugou copper metallogenesis forecast area, and Yuncheng Xiezhou-Xiyao gold and copper metallogenesis forecast area. Analysis geologic function of after metallogenesis showing that most Zhongtiao mountain area’s copper ores do not suffer from stronger denudation but located insidiousness regime or half insidiousness regime. Some larger scale insidiousness regime copper ores could be found if using advanced effective methodology of mineral exploration.更多还原