【作者】 吴华春；

【导师】 江征风；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 磁悬浮转子是近几年提出的一种新型、高科技前沿产品。它具有无摩擦、无磨损、无需润滑、无污染、能耗小以及使用寿命长等优点,适用于各种高速或超高速、真空等特殊环境场合。在军事、空间站、核工业、能源、化工、交通等领域具有广泛的应用前景和重要的科学意义。国外已经有相应的产品,但国内还没有相关产品的报道。 究其原因,磁悬浮转子动态特性是磁悬浮支承与转子动力学综合作用的结果,其好坏不仅决定悬浮能否实现,而且还直接影响其动态性能和转子的回转精度。因此开展对磁悬浮支承技术的研究,为磁悬浮转子技术应用于工业提供技术储备和可能性,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文对磁悬浮支承的转子进行动态特性的理论与实验研究。其主要研究工作如下: 首先,提出了磁悬浮转子支承磁刚度、磁阻尼的概念,推导出其计算公式;采用频域等效法系统地分析了频率、转子质量、传感器、滤波、功率放大器等环节对磁刚度、磁阻尼的影响;并提出了一种对磁力轴承电控环节数学模型的辨别方法,通过实验验证了该方法的可行性。 其次,根据转子动力学理论,提出了基于磁力轴承支承的转子振动模态数学模型,开发了相应的计算软件,结合实际项目,计算了磁悬浮转子动态特性;接着提出了在给定临界转速、振型和传感器布局下的结构动态优化设计理论;最后提出了一种基于理论计算与试验模态分析相结合辨别磁悬浮支承刚度的方法。并用B&K公司的试验模态模块验证了以上理论的正确性。 接着,在磁悬浮转子的不平衡中引入转子全息谱理论与方法,根据磁悬浮转子传感器检测信号,提出了基于全息谱的磁悬浮转子动平衡控制理论,解决了柔性磁悬浮转子现场动平衡中的问题。 最后,对磁悬浮转子的起浮特性进行了深入的仿真与实验研究,并研究了磁悬浮转子在不同干扰力作用下的悬浮特性。通过实验研究了磁力轴承几何中心位置确定的内容。其结果与理论计算基本吻合。 通过以上研究,为磁悬浮转子技术由经验、类比、静态设计向建模、优化、动态设计的发展,高速高精磁悬浮转子系统的设计制造作出了有益的贡献,也为今后的深入研究工作打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Magnetic levitated rotor is a new, high technology advanced field product that is promoted recent years. With the advantages of frictionless, no wear, without lubricating, no pollution, low consuming and long life, it suits high and super high speed, vacuum condition and some of the special conditions. It has important science significance and abroad application foreground in the fields of military affairs, space station, nuclear industry, energy sources, chemical plant, traffic and so on. The corresponding products of magnetic bearing have been applied overseas, but they haven’t reported in domestic.Because the dynamic characteristic of magnetic levitated rotor is the interaction result of magnetic suspension characteristic and rotor dynamics. Its level not only determines the achievement of magnetic suspension, but also influences the dynamic characteristic and the turning precision of the rotor. Therefore, developing the magnetic suspension technology research can supply the technology reserve and possibility for its application in industry and has very important theory value and practical significance. This paper develops the theory and experiment research of the rotor dynamic characteristic based on magnetic suspension. The main research as follows:Firstly, put forward the concept of magnetic stiffness and damp, and deduced them calculation formula. Then, carried out thorough study of magnetic suspension characteristic by frequency domain equivalent method, on the base of the result, researched influence of all kinds of elements on the suspension characteristic, analyzed the influence of frequency, rotor mass, sensor, filter and power magnify on magnetic stiffness and magnetic damp. Advanced an identification method of math model of magnetic bearing control loop, experiment indicate the method is feasibility.Secondly, based on rotor dynamics theory, put forward math model of the bend vibration of magnetic suspension rotor, developed the corresponding software, and calculated the dynamic characteristic of magnetic levitated rotor in real project. Then, advanced structural dynamic optimum design theory under given nature speed, model and sensor layout, advanced a method based on theinteraction theory calculated and experiment mode analyzing which can distinguish the magnetic stiffness. We also did experiment research with the experiment mode-analyzing module of B&K Company, the result indicates that the theories are right.Then, imported holographic theory and method in the unbalance of magnetic levitated rotor, based on measure signal of sensor, advanced control theory of the magnetic levitated rotor dynamic balance with holographic technology, expecting to balance the magnetic levitated rotor rapidly and effectively.Finally, carry out simulation and experiment study on the levitated characteristic of the magnetic levitated rotor, and researched its levitated characteristic under different interaction force, and did the experiment research of magnetic suspension grinding shaft on determinant of the geometry center position of magnetic bearing. Accord with that we calculated by theory.All the research contributed on the development of magnetic levitated rotor technology from experience, analogy and static design to modeling, optimization, and dynamic design, the design and manufacture of high speed high precision magnetic levitated rotor system, and also grounded deep going research for the future.更多还原