【作者】 钟延秋；

【导师】 蔡希源；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 能源地质工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文以依-舒地堑汤原断陷为研究对象,应用地球动力学、构造运动学、沉积学、油藏地质学等理论,以地质、地球物理资料和钻井资料为基础,对依-舒地堑汤原断陷构造演化及其对成盆、成烃和成藏的控制作用进行了系统研究。通过对依-舒地堑构造演化研究认为汤原断陷中生界盆地与新生界盆地为叠置关系,断裂在新生界时期表现为控盆断裂,断裂性质为张剪性,断陷属于被动性成盆机制所控制的被动型裂谷盆地。汤原断陷构造和沉积演化经历了中生界断陷期、新生代的强烈断陷期、持续断陷期、断凹转化期、断陷萎缩期、断陷消亡期六个阶段。断陷整体表现为东西分带、南北分块的构造格架。汤原断陷断裂发育主要有两个方向,即北东向和北西西向,其次发育近东西向和近南北向断层。北东向断裂控制着断陷的走向和次一级构造带的走向,与区域北东向构造走向一致;北西西向断层与北东向展布的主控断层呈依附和切割关系,使北东向展布的构造带呈现出南北分块的特点。断层主要发育有拉张/张扭、挤压/压扭、走滑断层三种类型,七种样式。边缘大断裂控制烃源岩的展布,主干断裂控制圈闭的形成和分布,断穿源岩和源岩附近的断裂为油气的运移提供了良好的通道条件,封闭的断裂为油气聚集成藏提供了有利的遮挡条件。通过构造运动学研究得出断陷内Ⅳ块的基底伸展量最大,Ⅰ块其基底伸展率和伸展系数却是断陷内最大的,Ⅴ块的梧桐河向斜和军校屯构造是汤原断陷基底伸展量最小的地区。通过对15个块体的实例计算总结出不同构造、不同时期断块体的翘倾运动程度存在很大差异。走滑运动研究结果表明汤原断陷自宝泉岭组一段沉积以来,受太平洋板块由北西向俯冲转变为近东西向俯冲的影响,断陷内主要断层发生了右旋走滑运动,出现了近北东走向的滑移断层。研究认为汤原断陷油气成藏模式主要为油气沿砂体侧向运移的地层超覆、断层遮挡、砂岩上倾尖灭、断块圈闭等成藏模式,其次为油气沿不整合面或砂体与断层组合长距离运移的古隆起之上各种类型圈闭成藏模式。汤原断陷发育有构造-岩性复合油气藏、岩性油气藏、构造油气藏、地层超覆及地层不整合遮挡等四种油气藏类型。综合分析认为中央凸起带为最有利的勘探带,区块Ⅲ为最有利的勘探区块。主要油气勘探目的层应为宝泉岭组一段之下的深部地层。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tangyuan Fault Depression in Yi-Shu Graben is the object of this study.Based on the geology, seismic and drilling data, the structural evolution of TangyuanFault Depression and its impacts on basin formation, hydrocarbon formation and oilaccumulation are systemically studied by the study of geo-kinetics, tectonics,sedimentology, petroleum geology and other analysis.The structural evolution of Tangyuan Fault Depression shows that: its Mesozoicbasin is overridden by its Cenozoic basin;the Cenozoic fault controlled the boundaryof the depression and the depression is a passive rift basin. The structural andsedimentary evolution experienced 6 phases: Mesozoic fault depression phase,Cenozoic strong fault depression phase, continuing fault depression phase,fault-depression transformation phase, fault depression suppression phase and faultdepression subduction phase. The faults developed mainly in NE and NNW, secondlyin approximately NS and approximately EW. The NE faults controlled thetrend of thedepression and the sub-depressions;the NWW faults dependented on and cut the NEfaults, dividing the NE structural trends into North and south blocks. 3 main types offault exists: tensional/ tensional-shear faults, compression/ compression-shear faultsand strike slip faults. The bounary major faults controlled the distribution of sourcerocks;major faults controlled the formation and distribution of traps;the faults whichdisrupted or near the source rocks provided good passage forpetroleum migration;sealed faults acted as the favorable shelter to petroleum accumulations.The tectonic –kinetics study reveals that IV Block in the depressiopn has themaximal basement extension distance., while I Block has the maximal basementextension rate and factor, and the Wutonghe syncline and Jnjiaotun structure in VBlock have the minimal basement extension distance. Since the first member ofBaoquanling Group sedimented, the Pacific Plate diving direction changed from NWto approximately EW, causing the dextral strike slip faulting happened to the majorfaults in the depression, then some approximately NE slump faults appeared.The petroleum geology study shows the main petroleum accumulation patternsare stratigraphic overlapping, fault screening, sandstone updip pinchout and faultblocking. The 4 main types of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the depression arestructural-lithologic reservoir, lithologic reservoir, structral reservoir, stratigraphicoverlap reservoir and stratigraphic unconformity screening reservoir.Comprehensive analysis reveals that the central convex trends is most favorableexploration play, III Block is the most favorable exploration block.. The main zonesof interest are the deeper beds below the first member of Baoquanling Group.更多还原