【作者】 黄立功；

【导师】 林舸； 钟建华；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（广州地球化学研究所） ， 构造地质学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 以石油地质学、构造地质学、沉积学、测井地质学和岩石力学等多学科理论为指导,综合应用地质、地震、测井、油藏等多种信息和计算机手段,对柴达木盆地昆前-茫崖坳陷的构造样式及其油气成藏进行了分析研究。 从野外露头研究入手,结合测井相、地震相,探讨了研究区沉积相分布特点;在地震剖面解释及区域构造格局分析的基础上,论述了研究区构造样式及其结合断裂样式的演化特征;从断层活动速率、断层生长指数的对比研究入手,论证了柴西地区高级序断裂发展的同生性、差异性、幕式性及断裂活动强度的迁移性. 通过构造演化史的分析,结合剖面缩短量、野外露头的研究成果,论证了柴西地区第四纪构造运动的强烈性。以盆地生油岩母质的类型及丰度研究为基础,结合盆地热演化史,探讨了生油岩热演化及其生烃量和时间的关系;建立了研究区古应力场三维地质模型,在此基础上,对古应力场进行了数值模拟研究,探讨了构造应力与油气运聚的深层次联系,认为构造应力,特别是成藏期构造应力,对油气的运移、聚集和油气藏的形成起着主导作用,同时对有利圈闭进行了分析。对柴西地区成藏规律进行了系统的研究,把油气藏划分为后生断裂对原生油气藏破坏型和稳定发育型两种;同时提出柴西地区油藏的形成和分布取决于油源条件、储集条件、运移条件、保存条件以及各种条件相互之间的时空匹配关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Directed by such discipline and theories as petroleum geology, tectonics, sedimentology, and rock mechanics, the dynamic reservoir process, Kunqian-Mangya depression of Qaidam basin, is studied comprehensively through the application of geology, seismic, logging and reservoir information, and computer analysis.Based on the observation of outcrop, and combined with logging and seismic, the facies of study area is thoroughly discussed; and the structure styles and combinatorial features of study area is illustrated through the seismic profile interpretation and analysis of regional tectonic pattern. The structure styles and its combinatorial evolutive contemporaneous, otherness, episodes and the action transference of fault are demonstrated in the western Qaidam basin in terms of the action velocity of fault and the contrast research of fault developmental index.The intensive Quaternary tectonic movements of western Qaidam basin is reasoned out by the research on analysis of tectonic evolution, shortening of outcrop section and research on outcrop, The regional structures and tectonic-dynamic characteristics of study area is discussed. The relationship between geothermal evolution of source rock and hydrocarbon generation and period based on the study of source rock type and abundance and basin geothermal evolution, and further constructing the 3D geology model of paleo-stress of study area. Based on the research above, the simulation of paleo-stress is studied, and proposed the inherent relation between tectonic stress and hydrocarbon accumulation furthermore, and considered tectonic stress playing a dominant role in the migration, accumulation of oil and gas and reservoir-forming, especially during hydrocarbon accumulation, and analyzed the favorable trap moreover. The reservoirs are divided into destructive type and stabilization development type through systematic study on reservoir-formation rules of western Qaidam area. Herein, the hydrocarbon source, accumulation, migration, preservation condition and the time-space matching relation of conditions above determine the formation and distribution of reservoir in Qaidam basin.更多还原