【作者】 顾元勋；

【导师】 孙林岩；

【作者基本信息】 西安交通大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 论文在总结现有制造模式的基础上,用动态制造联盟来表示由独立经济组织构成的制造模式的实施组织。论文的主题集中于研究动态制造联盟组织机理中的相关问题,主要包括:组织的经济学特性、组建成本优化、跨度计算、单元选择和组织结构优化等。论文研究的创新性成果主要包括: (一)梳理制造模式,将已经出现的众多制造模式按其利益区域的影响范围分类为技术型、组织型和社会型,并将组织与制造模式相结合,指出了组织在制造模式中的重要作用和特点。对于动态制造联盟,从分工理论和企业经济学理论的角度,对其组织的经济学特性给予系统地论述,并给出了动态制造联盟的经济学定义。同时将动态制造联盟与类似的经济组织形式进行了比较。(二)对动态制造联盟的组建过程进行了阶段划分和成本分析,得到了优化组建成本时各组建阶段的时间分配。并从组织的经济学特性、产品技术分割度和产品市场生命周期的角度给出了联盟跨度的确定方法。(三)从动态制造联盟的单元业务功能关系出发,提出了运用最小完备单元图来表示单元之间的关系,提出并证明了最小完备单元图的顶点数命题和动态制造联盟系统的协同命题。以最小完备单元图为基础,分析单元之间的线性和非线性关系,建立了系统效应模型。通过此模型可以进行单元的匹配性选择,并推导出所需选择单元的指标集特征。同时,得出了单元集成次序性命题。然后分析单元选择的过程,在提出信息亲疏系数的基础上,给出了单元选择过程中双边博弈条件下的操作和控制策略。(四)总结企业组织形式的演变特点,分析动态制造联盟的环境和自身特点,提出了动态制造联盟的组织结构特征。它是层级结构和网状结构的融合,层级制是其基本支撑和框架。同时将制造模式、组织形式和分工发展形式相结合,得到了代表性企业组织的相关演变特征。对层级组织结构,运用排队论的思想和方法,分析了影响组织结构效率的成本因素,对其进行了优化分析,提供了优化层级组织并进行激励机制设计的通用性方法。(五)以随机Petri 网为工具,以最小完备单元图的单元关系度为基础,提出了优化动态制造联盟网状结构的单元关系度分解技术。运用此技术能够求解出优化网状组织结构的解析式运行指标,为网状组织的运行控制提供了直观简洁的途径。在各种不同的单元关系优先次序情形下,运用关系度分解技术,更多还原

【Abstract】 This research, on the basis of the summarization of manufacturing modes (MMs), uses the dynamic manufacturing alliance (DMA) to generally express these organizations and their common embedded characteristics. Since the organization of DMA is a necessary foundation, this thesis focuses on the organizational mechanism of DMA. The main issues include organizational economics-characteristics, optimization of construction costs, span calculation, cells selection (CS) and optimization of organizational structure (OOS) and related issues. The main innovations that reached listed as followings. First, the MMs are classified into technique-group, organization-group and society-group according to the scope of benefit domain. Furthermore, synthesize the organization with MMs, pointing out the important functions and specialties of organization in MMs. Then, the organizational economics-characteristics of DMA are detailed in terms of division theory and firm-economics, providing the economic definition of DMA. Also compared DMA with similar economic-organizations that had occurred. Second, the construction process divided into four stages, with the analysis of construction-costs, time distribution for these stages on the presumption that the total time for whole construction process could be estimated. Then, the methods of the span calculation of DMA are given that is to determine the number of cells to be added, its principles include economic characteristics of organization, dimensions of technical separation and product life cycle in market. Third, the concept of minimal complete cells-graph (Min-CCG) is raised on the inter-relations among cell functions. Two relevant propositions are proved, i.e. the number of vertexes in Min-CCG,and the DMA expressed by the synergetic effect (SE) among graphs and sub-graphs. Then, the model of SE in DMA is established, which provide a method for CS in matching solution. Furthermore, the general method for determining the set of indexes for CS established. The solution of SE model educes the basic peculiarity of indexes set. A new proposition about orders of integration based on the SE is presented. Further, describe and discuss the process of CS, based on the close-distant coefficient of information among candidate cells, the tactics that how to select put forward under the exploration of bilateral game. Fourth, review the forms of enterprises organizational structure, analyze the new environment of market and technology along with the distinction of DMA, what could get is that the organizational form of DMA is the combination of hierarchy and web. But the hierarchy is the framework that supports the DMA. Then, describe the evolution characters of representative firms through the composition of the MMs, organizational form and divisions. A general method is given for optimizing the hierarchical organization and designs its incentive mechanism. To realize that, what to do is finding out the factors that influence the efficiency of organization and applied the queuing theory and its method. Fifth, Petri nets (PN) used as the tool for the optimization of the web organization (OWO). A new technology that decomposes the complex PN is raised based on the degrees of cells’relation in Min-CCG. This technology provides a method of getting the analytic solution (AS) that offers an intuitive and succinct approach to control the running in web organization (WO). Under the circumstances that relations among cells in the Min-CCG have different priorities, the above technology, provide the ASs of running in WO. With self-constraints,the decomposition technology makes it feasible to gain the general method of OWO. Finally, cases studying and simulations executed to verify the results that reached in the above.更多还原