【作者】 王东光；

【导师】 鱼敏； 董晓健； 王美青； 尹维宏；

【作者基本信息】 第四军医大学 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 20世纪九十年代以来,我国高等口腔医学教育面临新的形势。表现在:高等教育跨越式发展将口腔医学教育推上改革的快车道,中国加入世界贸易组织为口腔医学教育发展创造了新的机遇,医学科学技术的发展催化口腔医学教育教学进行更加深刻的变革,口腔医学教育的重心不断趋向社区化和综合化,推进素质教育成为口腔医学教育教学改革的重点,西部大开发战略的实施对西部地区口腔医学院提出了区位要求。这一切,促使我国口腔医学教育界的工作者一直在思考这样一个问题,即“高等医学院校(口腔医学院)如何实施新时期口腔医学教育,以培养适应21世纪需求的具有可持续发展潜力的高素质口腔医学专业人才?” 围绕这一问题,国内外口腔教育界都从不同角度进行探索,并逐步对口腔医学教育改革形成了七点共识,即:口腔医学教育应当具有全球性的人才培养标准,课程与课程体系应当增强针对性、实用性和可接受性,专业教学内容在结构和内容方面都应当进行拓展,教学模式应当实现信息化,专业教学应融合渗透于人才培养全过程,必须高度重视能力培养,学生应主动参与教学等。在这些共识的指更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 90’s of 20th century, the higher education of stomatology in our country has been confronted with the new situations, which shows in the followings: the radical development of higher education leads education of stomatology to the speedway of the reform; the entrance of WTO of China provides a new opportunity for the development of stomatological education; the development of scientific technology of medicine causes a great change in stomatological education; the core of stomatological education is increasingly inclined to the community and the integration; the development of quality education becomes the core of stomatological education reform; the implementation of West Development Strategy produces a new demand to medical colleges in the western parts of China. All these make the educators in the stomatology think about such a problem as how a higher medical college (stomatologicalcollege) carries on stomatological education in the new era and how it cultivates high quality professional talents of stomatology to meet the needs of 21st century.This problem is studied in the field of stomatological education at home and abroad in different respects and they gradually reach 7 agreements, such as stomatological education should have a global talents cultivating criterion; curriculum and its system should be oriented, practicable, and acceptable; the specialized education should broaden its construction and content; the patterns of education should be informationized and the specialized education should be employed in the whole process of talents cultivation; great importance must be attached to the capability cultivation and students should take positive part in teaching and learning. Under the guidance of these agreements, the majority of the domestic stomatological colleges are probing how to cultivate qualified talents needed in 21st century and have obtained some precious experience. However, in general, there are few effective solutions to the lack of professional curriculums for the traditional qualified talents of stomatology, the original three-step teaching and learning, neglect of humanity education and innovation, out-of-date teaching contents and backward teaching methods in reforms. Studying new stomatological talents cultivating method is still an important, old but fresh task of stomatological education.This study focuses on this important task with common attention and it absorbs the experience and fruits of the reform of stomatologcaleducation at home and abroad since the Ninth Five-Year Plan. It emphasized studying on the solution to the problem of "thinking more of teaching than learning" in traditional scheme to train the stomatological talents. It explored to solve the disadvantages of attaching importance to knowledge delivery rather than the accomplishment and capability training in traditional program; it also probed to resolve the disadvantages of three-stage curriculum system including foundational medicine, clinical medicine and stomatological medicine as traditional education mode.On the bases of the reform of great medical science, the core of this study is the integrative innovation of talents training program and course system. Benefiting from the advanced experience of stomatological education in developed countries, this study also creatively made use of the modern educational technology to promote the reform and overall introduced quality education with characteristics of the professional and innovative education. The study was also intended to push forward the educational reform step by step by the method of designing, practicing and summarizing simultaneously.The new objective of stomatological talents training was established in this study to satisfy the requirements of talents training for in early 21st century and the basic design of simultaneous reform for both teaching and learning was confirmed. As to teaching, a new curriculum system—"four courses platform" was constructed in thisstudy, which involved required courses platform, network courses platform, selective courses platform and recessive courses platform to serve the students’ independent study to construct the knowledge structure favorable for personality development. "Six strengthening" in teaching and learning was proposed in this study, which involved strengthening the new knowledge education, basic stomatology-oriented teaching and learning, practical teaching and learning of stomatology, teaching and learning of foreign language, teaching and learning of humanity and construction of stomatological teaching materials. New teaching methods such as interrogative, discussional, bilingual, integrated and suppositional teaching were widely used to promote the participation of students and transform their passive learning to active learning. Modern educational techniques were widely employed in the study to improve the teaching and learning efficiency.In terms of learning, the strategy of "three programs and one guidance" was implemented in this study, "stomatological quality training program" was carried out to change students’ learning notions and establish the right learning motivation; "information quality training program" was carried out to promote their capacity of information management, "program of extracurriculum research for students of stomatology" was carried out to cultivate their innovation. In order to pilot the students to consciously adjust the content, ways and means to learn, professional counselor system, reform of更多还原