国际投资自由化法律待遇研究

【作者】 王曙光；

【导师】 周忠海；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 国际法， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 外国直接投资(FDI)是促进东道国经济发展和加快全球经济一体化进程的引擎和催化剂。如何更多和高质量地吸引FDI、更有效地防止投资转移、增加FDI对区位经济发展的贡献度,避免其产生的负面效应,实现FDI对当地经济发展的利益最大化和成本最小化,是当前面临的主要问题。而这其中重要的课题之一就是妥善地解决好FDI的法律待遇问题。 解决FDI待遇问题,首先要正视国际投资自由化发展的历史潮流。本文从国际直接投资的界定出发,分析当代国际直接投资的现状与特征,考察国际投资自由化发展的历史背景及其特征与实质,评析TRIMs协议与投资自由化的关系,从国际法角度深入剖析国际投资自由化趋势下的国家主权问题,指出发展中国家要坚持和维护以外资管辖权为重要内容的国家经济主权。 国际投资待遇标准,一般可分为公平公正待遇标准、最惠国待遇标准和国民待遇标准,本文对这些绝对待遇标准和相对待遇标准的发展及其相互关系作了述评。贸易与投资是互动和融合的,投资待遇标准与贸易待遇标准有其相似性和具体的差异,文中对此进行了阐述和比较。可以预料,服务业投资自由化是国际投资自由化的重要发展方向之一,服务业投资待遇标准占据十分重要的地位,本文对其关于待遇的核心规则和具体承诺的国民待遇问题进行了讨论。 国际投资自由化的首要问题是准入自由化,这一问题发达国家与发展中国家有不同的认识和做法,文中对其单双边及多边的立法标准或趋势进行了分析,提出应注意的问题和宜采取的对策。之后对国际投资待遇的国际规制从单边政策到双边模式、从区域规范到多边协议、从文本模式到条款评析,做了较全面的述评和前瞻性的展望。作为发展中国家,在给予外国投资以何种具体的投资待遇时,本文提出了应把握的总体要求、应遵循的重要原则和应实施的基本策略等。 国际投资待遇如从积极和消极的角度出发,可分为优惠待遇与差别待遇。文中阐述了优惠待遇、差别待遇及其与歧视待遇、相对待遇之间的关系,从经济学等角度分析了国际投资与激励措施问题,特别是各国优惠待遇的竞争与评估,并对不同国别和不同业绩要求的使用及效力作了评估和比较,强调对优惠待遇和差别待遇要更多还原

【Abstract】 FDI is an engine and a kind of catalyst for host countries to promote economic development and speed up the process of globalization. How to attract more FDI with higher quality, to prevent investment transfer effectively, to upgrade the contribution degree of FDI to locationally economic development, to guard against its following up negative effect and to realize beneficial maximum and cost minimum from FDI to local economic development are key issues currently confronted with by us, the important one of which is to appropriately handle the legal treatment of FDI.To solve the problem of FDI treatment, it first needs to face historic trend of international i(?)estment liberalization development. To begin with, this thesis def(?) s circumscription of FDI, and analyses its current situation and characteristics, investigates historic background, characteristics and substance of international investment liberalization, discusses the relation between TRIMs agreement and investment liberalization, and further analyzes the matter of state sovereignty under the circumstances of international investment liberalization from the aspect of international law, and finally suggests that developing countries need to persist in and protect national economic sovereignty based on foreign investment jurisdiction as main course.The standard of international investment treatment can generally be classified as standard of fair and just treatment, standard of national and MFN treatment. This thesis respectively discusses the development of absolute and relative treatment standards and their mutual relation. The standards of trade and investment that interact and merge each other have similarity and specific differences, which are expounded and compared in this paper. It can be anticipated that investment liberalization in service industry is one of the trend of international investment liberalization development and the treatment in this area will stand on a very important position. This paper discusses the core rules and the concrete commitment of national treatment.The principal matter of international investment liberalization is admission liberalization that is differently dealt with by developed countries and developing ones This paper analyses unilateral, bilateral and multilateral legislative standard or trend更多还原