【作者】 王永刚；

【导师】 方国洪；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（海洋研究所） ， 物理海洋学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 本论文利用一个全球大洋变网格环流模式来研究东南亚边缘海环流变异。该模式是基于 GFDL的 MOM2 模式建立的， 模式覆盖全球大洋， 在 ２０ Ｓ 到 ６０ Ｎ。９８ Ｅ 到 １５６ Ｅ 的区域模式水平分辨率为 １／６ ×１／６， 往外分辨率逐渐变粗至 2°，垂向分为 18 层， 模式的东西边界取循环边界， 南北边界为闭边界。 模式在合理模拟东南亚边缘海环流季节变化的基础上， 模拟了 1994-2000 年的环流变异。 结果表明， 南海上层环流存在明显的年际变化其主要特征为： 厄尔尼诺年夏季， 南海环流变异不明显； 拉尼娜年夏季， 南海南部的反气旋式环流被削弱， 北部的气旋式环流也被削弱； 厄尔尼诺年冬季， 南海南部和北部均产生反气旋式环流异常即南海气旋式环流被削弱； 拉尼娜年冬季， 南海气旋式环流被加强。 １９９８ 年 ８月南海上层环流变异非常显著， 南部的反气旋式环流几乎消失， 而北部的气旋式环流则被一个反气旋式环流所代替， 越南沿岸的离岸流也消失了。 越南沿岸离岸流的消失对 １９９８ 年南海暖事件起到加强作用 。通过台湾－西表岛水道黑潮流量存在明显的年际变化， 厄尔尼诺年黑潮流量偏低， 拉尼娜年黑潮流量偏高。 吕宋海峡上 ３５ｍ 的流量年际变化主要受吕宋海峡附近纬向风应力年际变化的影响，３５－４２７．５ｍ 流量的年际变化则受台湾－西表岛水道黑潮流量年际变化的影响。 南海上 ５８ｍ 平均温度年际变化和南海海面风应力大小年际变化的相关系数达到－０．８６， 说明南海上层温度的年际变化主要是受海面风应力的影响， 海面风应力较强时， 潜热通量大所以上层温度低， 海面风应力较弱时， 潜热通量小所以上层温度高。 南海 ５８－２０９ｍ 平均温度的年际变化与上层的变化趋势相反， 主要受次表层垂向运动的年际变化的影响。 模拟的通过 IX1 断面以 800m 为参考面的年平均流量为 １１．６Ｓｖ， 夏季流量较高， 冬季流量较低。 通过龙目海峡的流量明显的以半年为周期变化， 通过翁拜海峡的流量有明显的年周期变化和半年周期变化， 通过帝汶海测流量则以年变化为主， 这样的变化周期主要是季风转换期东向的南爪哇流在巽它岛链南侧影响的范围导致的。 通过 IX1 断面以 800m 为参考面流量的变化具有明显的与 ENSO 相联系的年际变化， 其流量的年际变化与 Nino3 区指数的相关系数为-0.75， 说明 ITF 的流量在厄尔尼诺年偏低， 拉尼娜年偏高。更多还原

【Abstract】 A variable-grid global ocean circulation model was established to study thevariabilities of the Southeast Asian marginal seas circulation. The model was basedon GFDL’s MOM2 with fine grid (1°/6) covering the area from 20°S to 60°N andfrom 98°E to 156°E and coarse grid (2°) in the rest part of the world ocean. On thebasis of well simulating the seasonal variation of the Southeast Asian marginal seascirculation, the model simulated the interannual variation of the circulation from 1994to 2000. The computation shows that the upper layer circulation of the South ChinaSea has obvious interannual variabilities. During summer of the El Ni?o year thevariation is not remarkable. During summer of the L Ni?a year both the southernanti-cyclonic and the northern cyclonic gyres are weakened. During winter of the ElNi?o year the cyclonic gyre is weakened. During winter of the L Ni?a year thecyclonic gyre is enhanced. In August of 1998, the upper layer circulation remarkablydiffered from the normal years. The southern anti-cyclonic gyre vanished and thenorthern cyclonic gyre was replaced by an anti-cyclonic circulation. The off-shorecurrent southeast of Vietnam vanished, resulting in intensification of the warm eventof 1998. The mass transport through Taiwan- Iriomote Passage has obviousinterannual variabilities with smaller transport during El Ni?o and larger transportduring L Ni?a. The interannual variation of upper 35m transport through the LuzonStrait was closely related with the zonal wind stress variabilities over the Luzon Strait,while the mass transport between 35-427m through Luzon Strait was closely relatedwith the interannual variation of mass transport through Taiwan- Iriomote Passage.The correlationcoefficient between the averaged temperature of the upper 58m of theSouth China Sea and the wind stress of the South China Sea is –0.86, indicating the II<WP=6>interannual variability of upper layer temperature was affected by the wind stressvariability The interannual variation of averaged temperature between 58-209m is outof phase in relation with the upper layer. It is affected by the interannual variability ofthe vertical velocity through the subsurface layer. The annual mean mass transportrelated to 800m through IX1 section is 11.6Sv, with greater values in summer andsmaller values in winter. Semi-annual variability of mass transport is apparent in theLombok Strait and Ombai Strait, but does not extend to the Timor Sea. The masstransport of the Timor Sea has apparent annual variability while both semi-annual andannual variability are apparent in the Ombai Strait. These variabilities are associatedwith the variability in the extension area of the eastward South Java Current duringtwo monsoon transition periods. The interannual variation of mass transport throughIX1 section relative to 800m has a good relationship with ENSO. The correlationcoefficient with the Ni?o3 index is –0.75 indicating smaller transport during El Ni?oand larger transport during L Ni?a.更多还原