【作者】 孙荣实；

【导师】 宗廷虎；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 语言随着社会发展而发展，也随着社会变化而变化。新词语的涌现反映了社会的变化和发展，尤其是能反映最新发展和变化。改革开放以来，反映中国社会的最新变化和发展的新词语正以前所未有的速度大量涌现，引起了人们的关心和注意。因此，这些新词语一直成为现代汉语研究的主要对象。然而，大多数新词语研究只限于对新词语的内部规律问题作简略的探索，非常缺乏新词语的运用研究。鉴于此，本文运用修辞学和相关学科的理论和方法，系统地研究现代汉语新词语的运用，全文共分五章。第一章是绪论。主要是现代汉语新词语研究的概述与探索的目的和方法等。在第一节中，首先探讨新词语的定义，然后综述和分析了以往的研究论文，最后说明新词语产生的途径和原因。在第二、三节中，分别阐述了新词语运用研究的重要性、目的与研究的思路、方法及意义。第二章论述汉语新词语运用的修辞色彩。主要以感情色彩和形象色彩作为研究对象，探讨了色彩意义的理论及感情色彩和形象色彩各自的类别、特点、条件、产生原因等，并且描写和分析了具体的运用情况。第三章论述汉语新词语的方言、外来色彩。由于方言与外来色彩新词语在新词语运用中比较突出，成为现代汉语新词语的主要特点之一，所以，本章主要探讨新时期方言与外来色彩新词语大量涌现的原因及类别、特点，并且分析和描述具体的运用情况。第四章论述汉语新词语的运用和社会情景语境。新词语的运用须臾离不开语境，因此，重点讨论新词语运用和语境的关系：首先，分析社会情景语境影响新词语运用的原因，先对语境进行界定，然后探讨新词语与语境及语言使用者的能力、个性气质及与语言的传播媒介的关系。其次，探讨新词语的运用与语境关联的主要特点，其中，着重探索语境建构与新词语运用，比如，“社会心理和个人心理对新词语运用的影响、新词语运用受制于语境的不平衡性、语境是新词语竞争的‘裁决者’”等。又次，论述了改革开放与新词语的运用，主要谈改革开放是新词语运用的主要语境，同时论析新词语运用也是改革开放的必要条件。最后，分析和探讨特定语境中运用新词语的价值体现，主要探索了文化学、社会学、语言学、美学、科学中新词语运用的价值。 第五章是中韩新词语相关问题的运用对比。这以不同国家和民族对新词语运用上的异同作为研究的出发点，通过比较汉语和韩语的异同来进行对比。主要探讨:1.中韩新词语运用特点，分析了中韩社会发展变化与新词语的联系，也说明了具体的运用情况和特点。2.中韩语言运用修辞方式构成的新词语，中韩新词语中运用修辞造词创造新词语比较多，所以，以运用“比喻、借代、仿拟、节缩”四种修辞手法来造词的情况为对象，在各个方面进行对比。3.中韩新词语运用共性与个性的来源，这主要从文化学的视角分析其原因。 最后，在结语中概括了研究结果，并对本项研究的创新点与不足之处作了评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Language is developing and changing as the society is. The emergence of new words reflects always the developments and changes of the society especially the updated ones. Since the reform and opening-up policy was brought out in China, the new words that reflect the updated developments and changes of Chinese society have been come into being at an unparalleled speed, which arouses a lot of attentions of people. Therefore, these new words have always been the main targets of the studies on modern Chinese. However, most of the studies on these new words only deal with questions on the inner regulations of them, thus it is short of studies on the application of them. According to this situation, this paper, divided into five chapters, systematically studies the application of new words of modern Chinese by adopting the theory and ways of rhetoric and relative subjects.The first chapter is the introduction. It mainly talks about general views of the study on new words of modern Chinese and the aims and ways of the study. Section one, first, discusses the definition of new words, and then summarizes and analyzes the studies taken on ever, and explains because of what reasons and by what means these new words have come into being. In section two and three, the importance, aims, ways and significances of the study are elaborated individually.Chapter two discusses the rhetoric of new words of modern Chinese. It explains the theories of color meanings and different kinds, characteristics, conditions and etc. on the mood color and image color. Meanwhile, it also describes and analyzes the application situation of them in full depth.Chapter three dissertates the dialects and ab extra color words in Chinese. The dialects and ab extra new color words weigh a lot in the application of new words, which forms one of the main characteristics in new words in Chinese, so this chapter, to a large extent, discusses about the dialects and ab extra new color words on the aspects of their types, characteristics and applications and so on.Chapter four discusses the application of new words and social language environment. In a short period, the application of the new words can not be isolated from the language environment; therefore, this chapter pays much attention on the relationship of the application of these new words and the language environment. At first, it analyzes the reason why social language environment has such an influence on the new words by giving a definition to language environment. Then, it discusses the relationship between the new words and the language environment, ability and personality of the user and trans-medium of language. After that, it discuses the characteristics of this relationship especially the application of the new words and the word composing system of the language environment, such as "effect on the application of new words from social psychology and individual psychology, imbalance of the limitation of new words from language environment, and language environment as an ’arbitrator’ to the competition among new words, etc." The following question is about relationship between the application and the reform and opening-up. Mainly, it says that the reform and opening -up is the mostly language environment of new words and discuses that the application at the same time is also a must for the reform and opening-up. At last, it analyzes and discusses the value of the application in certain language environment especially the value on culture, sociology, aesthetics and science.Chapter five is the comparison of related questions in Chinese and Korean new words which are based on the different and similar applications of new words in different countries and among different people vas comparing Chinese and Korean. This chapter mainly discusses the following questions: 1. Application characteristics of Chinese and Korean new words. It analyzes the relationship between the developments and changes and the new words in both societies. It also illuminates the concrete application situations and char更多还原