唐代墓誌词汇研究

【作者】 姚美玲；

【导师】 董志翘；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 唐代墓志是久为研究者重视的资料。与史学界、攷古学界对墓志资料的研究相比，语言学界对它的研究还处在起步阶段。 唐代墓志作为汉语史研究的语料，主要价值有：一、语料极其丰富。唐代墓志总量累计已经超过七千方，文字数量已超过两唐书的总和。二、语料真实。墓志文献的载体为石头，它比布帛更为坚固、持久，一经刊刻，便难以更改。三、难得的“同时”语料。唐代墓志刻於唐时，保存了当时文字之真迹，是用唐代资料研究唐代语言，故十分可靠。 在全面阅读、校勘唐代墓志文献的基础上，本文首次对唐代墓志词语进行了系统研究。主要描写了唐代墓志字、词、句的特点，归纳总结了墓志文献的特定句式，分类研究了唐代墓志中的口语词汇、佛教词汇和特色词汇，攷释了《汉语大词典》未收词目三百余条，丰富了近代汉语词汇的研究内容。 资料是研究的基础。本文分析列举了唐代墓志录文中的百余条错误，从文字、词汇、句型等方面，总结了楷录墓志时容易出错的典型例子，并运用文字学、词汇学、史学等知识对其校勘补正，确保了墓志语料的真实性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tang Dynasty epitaphs draw much attention of historiographers and archeologists all the rime. However, linguists just began to deal with them in these days.The Tang Dynasty epitaphs are advantageous for the study of linguistics. There are more than 7,000 squares , on which there carved plenty of epitaphs. Therefore, the lingual material is especially abundant. Unlike words written on cloth, epitaphs were engraved on stones so that they could not be altered and hardly wore away. Such can ensure the facts of the lingual material. And it is reliable to study the epitaphs as the language of the Tang Dynasty for they were really written down at that time.Phrases in the Tang Dynasty epitaphs were studied systematically, based on the entire reading and collation of them. Special sentence patterns were come at through the description of the language characteristic in the Tang Dynasty epitaphs. Oral phrases, Buddhist phrases and peculiar phrases were studied separately. About 300 words that were not included in Han Yu Da Ci Dian were examined and interpreted, which enriches the studies of modem Chinese.Information is the basis of research. Hundreds of errors were picked out from the collection of the Tang Dynasty epitaphs. The words, phrases and sentences were studied carefully. The typical examples of fallibleness were listed out and rectified with the knowledge of philology, lexicology and history. Therefore, the facts of the lingual material was ensured.更多还原