【作者】 曹兴；

【导师】 陈晓红；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 知识经济的到来，推动了高技术企业的崛起和迅速发展。高技术企业在经济发展中起着重要作用，具体表现为：高新技术产业所占的比重日益扩大，逐渐成为决定一国社会经济可持续发展的推动器；高技术企业的快速形成和发展，成为社会经济发展的主要动力之一和经济增长的亮点。 高技术企业是一个知识生产与资源配置的联动体系。由于知识流动方式和相关要素资源配置渠道等的变化，形成与之相关的激励机制与组织结构模式，决定高技术成果的创造、扩散和应用，并将与之密切相关的知识、技能和诀窍等要素资源进行科学、合理的配置和相互有效的联动，促使知识的生产和配置体系的形成。在这个联动体系里，要素资源的变化，尤其是知识、技术等核心要素的创新，对高技术企业的发展起着十分重要的作用。这种创新不能简单理解为产品层次上的改良、更新换代或生产技术的创新，而是知识的开发与创新。高技术企业要在激烈的市场竞争中占据一席之地，就必须努力提高创新能力。创新既是高技术企业存在的基础，也是其发展的动力。创业作为一种特殊的创新方式，影响高技术企业的内在规律、机理和作用方式。高技术企业的创业，实际上是凭借创新手段，建立一个成长型的、有前景的企业的最佳途径。 本文以高技术企业作为研究对象，运用现代企业理论，将创新理论和创业理论结合，对高技术企业进行解剖和分析，通过分析高技术企业的构成要素、运行体系以及内外环境，提高对高技术企业发展规律的认识。 通过对技术创新的特征、过程以及动力来源的分析，着重研究技术持续创新行为、企业家创新行为以及市场结构变化等对高技术企业创新行为的影响；分析高技术企业的组织结构、运行模式、管理方式的变革，从创新动力因素、创新方式、环境因素、组织结构等方面研究创新行为对高技术企业产生的效应，以及企业家、技术、市场等行为主体对创新的重要作用：运用集群理论，对高技术企业集群的形成、集聚机制、集聚路径进行分析。 通过对创业现象、创业过程、创业方式以及创业管理等方面的分析，研究了影响高技术企业创业运行的内外因素，构建了多主体、多层次、发展变化的多维结构的高技术企业创业体系，着重分析了高技术企业创业体系的动力机制、供给机制、创业环境机制等;运用生命周期理论，分析了高技术企业的成长性，通过影响成长性的因素分析，设计了高技术企业成长性的评价指标，并用层次分析法和模糊综合评判法讨论了高技术企业的成长性。 分析了创业投资和创业资本市场的构成对高技术企业的作用，创业投资为高技术创业提供资本支持，并通过资本运营服务，实现自身资本增值;创业资本在孵化高技术企业、推动高技术产业、优化资源配置、培育新的经济增长点等方面，成为高技术企业快速成长的资本运作模式;着重分析了创业资本市场对促进高技术企业创业发展机制的作用，主要体现在形成风险与创业收益相对应的良好机制、自由进入与退出机制和信息相互沟通机制;通过对创业资本市场的构成、特征和形成的分析，对创业投资主体、投资项目决策过程以及创业投资运作的退出方式进行了讨论;分析了信息不对称情况下创业投资中的双重委托代理机制，建立了相关的激励约束机制。 通过对国外发达国家高技术产业发展情况和中国高技术产业现状的比较分析，初步构建了我国高技术产业发展模式。在此基础上，提出了加快我国高技术产业发展的对策和措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The advent of knowledge economy has fostered the establishment and rapid progress of hi-tech enterprises. Hi-tech enterprises are playing an important role in the economic development. This role is best presented by the fact that the proportion of hi-tech industry in the economy is increasing, that it gradually becomes the propeller for the sustainable development of national economy and that the rapid development of hi-tech enterprises serves as one of the main driving forces for the social and economic progress and is the shining point of economic growth.The hi-tech enterprise is a linkage between knowledge production and resource allocation. With the flow of knowledge and the allocation of essential resources, relevant incentive mechanisms and organizational models are established to determine the creation, diffusion and application of hi-tech advances. Such elements that are closely related to high technology as knowledge, skills and knacks are allocated scientifically and rationally and they effectively interact with each other so as to promote the establishment of the system of knowledge production and allocation. In this linkage, the changes in essential resources, particularly the innovation of such key elements as knowledge and technology, will impose effects on the development of hi-tech enterprises. Such an innovation is more than the renovation and upgrading of products or the innovation of productive technology. More accurately, it refers to the development and innovation of knowledge. In order to find a foothold in the fierce market competition, hi-tech enterprises have to make efforts to intensify their competence for innovation. Innovation is the driving force of the establishment and the development of hi-tech enterprises. Venturing, as a special way of innovation, influences the internal rules, mechanisms and functioning patterns of innovation activities in hi-tech enterprises. Actually, venturing in hi-tech enterprises is an optimal way to build up a growing and promising enterprise by means of innovation.Regarding hi-tech enterprises as its object of study, this paper adopts the modern enterprise theory and combines innovation with venturing. Itinanatomizes hi-tech enterprises and studies their elements, operating systems and the internal and external environments influencing their development. Such efforts are conducive to improving the understanding of the developing rules of hi-tech enterprises.Through the study of the characteristics, process and sources of the driving forces of technological innovation, it focuses on the effects that sustained technological innovation, innovation actions of the entrepreneur and changes in the market structure and so forth impose on the innovation of hi-tech enterprises. It analyzes the transformation of the organizational structure, operating patterns and management methods of hi-tech enterprises. Meanwhile, it explains the impact of innovation actions from the perspective of driving forces and ways of innovation, environmental factors and organizational structure while it expounds the important roles such main bodies as entrepreneur, technology and market play in the innovation. In addition, it studies the formation, cluster mechanism and cluster approach of hi-tech enterprise clusters by using cluster theory.Through analyzing the phenomenon, process, pattern and management of venturing, it researches the internal and external factors influencing the operation of the venturing of hi-tech enterprises and establishes a multi-dimensional system with multi-body, multi-level for the venturing of hi-tech enterprises, with the motive, supply and start-up environment mechanisms for the venturing system as its focus. Adopting the theory of enterprise life cycle, it analyzes the growth of hi-tech enterprises and designs an index system to evaluate their growth through the analysis of influential factors. In addition, it uses AHP and fussy evaluation method to explore their growth.It also analyzes the structure of venture capital system and its capital更多还原