【作者】 高珍权；

【导师】 刘继顺；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 本文以东天山(东经88°以东的天山部分)为研究范围，以铜金多金属成矿学及找矿系统工程学为研究方向，在广泛收集资料的基础上，两次进疆先后对卡拉塔格-土屋-沁城铜钼金成矿带的卡拉塔格；康古尔-黄山-镜儿泉铜镍金成矿带中的翠岭金异常区和阿齐山-雅满苏-沙泉子铁铜金成矿带的371铜矿点、西北坡铜矿点、17金矿点、9562金矿点、188铜矿点、279金矿点、雅北异常和雅满苏铁矿、景峡、沙泉子和野马山-野马泉综合异常区进行了野外调查研究。在此基础上，开展了室内鉴定测试，综合整理，数据处理，图件编制等工作，在区域成矿的地质背景、地球物理场和地球化学特征；成矿系统和成矿区带划分；铜金多金属成矿系统分析(含典型矿床研究)：找矿系统工程学的理论、铜金典型矿床的找矿模型及标志、现代矿体探测学、东天山区域景观地球化学特征及勘查地球化学方法、化探异常源快速追踪方法系统：以及综合运用区域成矿学及找矿系统工程学理论、方法在重点成矿带的找矿和研究工作等方面取得了以下新进展、新成果和新突破。 (1)以板块构造理论为指导，将研究区及邻域的大地构造单元划分为七个一级大地构造单元(其中东天山4个)，24个二级构造单元(东天山11个)；并以此为基础，将东天山地层分为两个地层区、6个地层分区和9个地层小区：将岩浆岩从北向南划分为7个带：阐明了东天山主要构造单元地质特征及运动性质，探讨了构造、地层及岩浆岩与成矿的关系；在研究区域地球物理场和地球化学背景特征、不同地质单元微量元素的分布分配特征的基础上，对东天山的物化探异常进行了分区；为区域成矿学、成矿系统分析和重点成矿带的研究奠定了基础。 (2)在分析东天山成矿系统和成矿系列研究现状和主要成果的基础上，根据成矿机理首次系统地将以金铜多金属为主的成矿系统划分为岩浆和热液(水)两大基本成矿系统类，结合含矿建造及成矿环境划分出9个成矿系统。根据矿床成因、赋矿地层和矿床种类，将本区与铜多金属有关或相关的铁镁-超铁镁岩类、斑岩热液、喷流沉积、火山热液、岩浆热液-矽卡岩等主要成矿系统和与金有关的剪切带蚀变岩、浅成低温热液、火山-次火山热液、岩浆热液成矿系统进一步分类。以典型矿床为依托，分析了这些重点成矿系统的成矿产物、控矿因素、矿质来源、成矿过程等等。结合成矿的构造背景、构造演化历史和矿床的时空分布规律，探讨铜金多金属成矿系统之间的内在联系和演化，首次建立了东天山铜矿热液成矿系统类和康古尔-翠岭金成矿亚带金的成矿系统演化模式图。 (3)较系统全面地概述了系统工程学的历史、现状，找矿系统工程学的产生和研究现状，阐述了找矿系统工程学的概念、主要任务、研究意义和基本内容等，探讨了找矿成功的要素和途径。重点研究了找矿模型和现代矿体探测学发展现状和新进展，结合东天山实际，首次提出了卡拉塔格式斑岩型铜矿的找矿模型为“火山机构+斑岩体+环带状杂色蚀变带+铁矾类矿物(针绿矾+高铁叶绿矾)+激电异常”。首次建立了东天山喷流沉积型铜多金属矿床找矿模型：“喷流沉积岩+火山机构(遥感、物探异常)+化探异常(多元素组合)+铁帽”，总结了该区其它典型铜金矿床找矿模型及标志。 (4)以找矿系统工程学为指导，在研究东天山自然地理景观和景观地球化学特征的基础上，探讨戈壁覆盖区和高寒山区自然条件下，化探异常源快速追踪方法。首次提出水系沉积物异常的快速追踪最佳方法是以中等比例尺的沟系(岩石和土壤)测量方法，提出了该方法的主要技术指标。在总结前人工作基础上，认为岩屑异常的快速查证方法应根据景观条件选择中大比例尺的岩屑、土壤和岩石测量方法，提出了这些方法的主要技术指标。以勘查阶段和综合找矿方法为研究对象，探讨了东天山不同找矿阶段的主要找矿方法和最佳方法组合，首次建立了东天山水系沉积物和岩屑异常源快速追踪方法系统。 (5)通过两次进疆的野外实地调研，新发现沙泉子沙北喷流沉积型铜矿(已达中型规模)、371一西北坡中间地段铜矿化点、168斑岩型铜金矿化点、景峡喷流沉积型铜金矿化点、银邦山东喷流沉积型铜金矿化点、翠岭铁锰碳酸盐化硅化体型金矿化点。 (6)通过野外调研，在银邦山的实地调查中发现了硅质岩和层纹状硅质岩，银邦山一黑沙河地区确认存在两个中酸性火山弯隆，并发现了富硫化物喷流岩和块状硫化物矿化，硫化物纹层硅质岩与富硫化物的中酸性火山岩呈互层产出。这一系列的发现肯定了该区具备寻找火山喷流沉积型块状硫化物矿床和构造蚀变岩型金矿的条件，是块状硫化物型多金属矿和金矿成矿十分有利的地段，并有望找到大型块状硫化物矿床。 (7)综合大地构造单元性质、成矿控制因素、区域成矿系统和矿床(点)特征及其分布规律等，发现本区具有南北分带、东西分区的区域成矿规律，并将研究区划分为9个主要成矿带、23个成矿亚带和54个成矿(远景)区或矿田。分析了成矿(亚)带成矿的地质、地球物理和地球化学环境，结合矿产分布情况和化探异常等，对主攻方向和找矿前景进行了评述。选择卡拉塔格一土屋一沁城铜钥金、康古尔一黄山一镜儿泉铜镍金和阿齐山一雅满苏一沙泉子铁铜金成矿带?更多还原

【Abstract】 With the study field of copper-gold polymetal metallogeny and prospecting systematic engineering, and the study area of East Tianshan, where is the east part of longitude 88?of Tianshan Xinjiang and on the basis of extensively being collected materials concerning the study field and area, breakthroughs and advances have been made in many aspects, such as: regional metallogenic geological setting, geophysical field, characteristics of geochemistry, classification of metallogenic systems and units, analysis of copper gold polymetallic metallogenic systems (including the study of typical ore deposits), theory of prospecting systematic engineering, prospecting models and their significance for prospecting copper gold deposits, geochemical features of regional landscape of East Tianshan, methods of exploration, method systems of fast following-up geochemical anomaly sources, prospecting and studies of the key metallogenic belts, after twice field works in areas such as Kalatage of Kalatage-Tuwu-Qincheng Cu, Mo, Au metallogenic belt, gold anomalies of Cuiling in Kangguer-Huangshan-Jingerquan Cu, Ni, Au metallogenic belt, 188, 371, and Xibeipo copper deposits (occurrences), 17, 297, and 9562 gold occurrences, Yamansu Fe ore deposit, and geochemical composite anomaly areas of Yabei, Jingxia, Shaquanzi, and Yemashan-Yemaquan in Aqishan-Yamansu-Shaquanzi Fe, Cu, Au metallogenic belt. They are as follows:(1) Guided on the theory of plate tectonics, the geotectonic unit of the study area and its adjacent area are divided into 7 first-order units (4 of them in East Tianshan), and subdivided 24 second-order units (11 of them in East Tianshan). On the basis of which, strata of East Tianshan are divided into two regions, and subdivided into 6 areas, and further into 9 districts, and magmatites of the study area are divided into 7 belts from north to south. Geological characteristics of the main geotectonic units and features of their movement have been studied. The relationship between tectonic, strata, magmatite and ore-forming process are discussed. On the basis of the study of characteristics of regional geophysical field, geochemical background and distribution of trace elements, geophysical and geochemical anomaly area are classified, which pave the way for the study of regional metallogeny and metallogenic system and key metallogenic belts.(2) On the bisis of the analysis of the status and the main achievement of metallogenic system and metallogenic series, metallogenic systems concerned polymetal with copper and gold mainly have been first divided into 2 basic sorts (magma and hydrothermal sort), and subdivided into 9 metallogenic systems, combined with ore-bearing formation and metallogenic background. Main sorts of metallogenic systems, which concerned with copper polymetal ore-forming such as femic- ultrafemic rocks, porphyry hydrothermal, Sedex, volcanic hydrothermal, and with gold ore-forming such as altered rock type in shear belt, epithermal, volcanic-subvolcanic hydrothermal, magma hydrothermal, are further subdivided. Ore-forming produces, ore-control factors, sources of ore and process of ore-forming of these main metallogenic systems are studied on the basis of their typical ore-deposits. Model maps of evolution of metallogenic system sorts concerning copper epithermal in East Tianshan and gold in Kangguer-Cuilin metallogenic belt are first built up after relationships and evolution among them are discussed combined with ore-forming background and evolution processes of tectonics and the distribution patterns in time and space of ore deposits in study area.(3) The history and situation of systematic engineering, and the generation and situation of prospecting systematic engineering are generalized, the concept, main task, basic content and study significance of prospecting systematic engineering are elaborated. The essential factors and the way of prospecting for success are discussed. Based on the study of situationand advances of exploration models and modern surveys for ore-body a更多还原