【作者】 袁志华；

【导师】 梅博文；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（广州地球化学研究所） ， 地球化学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 油气微生物勘探法(MPOG)的理论基础，包括物理—化学基础和微生物学基础两方面。MPOG的原理是：轻烃以“微泡上浮”的机理从深部油气藏向上垂直运移，逸出到油气藏上方的表层土壤中，为以轻轻为食料的高度专一性细菌—烃氧化菌(HCO)的发育创造了良好的条件，导致细菌的数量与活性大大增加，从而形成了烃氧化菌浓度与活性的异常区。根据这种可检测的微生物异常区可以评价和预测下伏油气藏的存在和性质。 论文全面阐述了MPOG方法的实用运作过程，包括地质调查与样品采集，微生物实验技术，数据处理与指标系统，综合评价与远景预测等，为在我国开发和应用微生物勘探技术奠定了基础。 通过首次大规模先导试验研究表明，华北四个试验区块微生物勘探结果综合符合率达到83％，并分别指出了各自最有利的目标区块，进一步提出了可供勘探的设计井位。 探索并建立了自己的油气微生物勘探法。在此基础上，独立完成了松滋油田微生物勘探并取得了令人满意的效果：不仅微生物异常分布与现有的钻井含油气情况相吻合，而且成功地预测了正在钻进的鄂深10井和随后开钻的SK8-1和SK8-2井含油气情况。 总之，通过建立中国自己的油气微生物勘探法，填补了我国在这一领域的空白，为大幅度降低勘探风险提供了一项新的技术路线。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microbial Prospecting of Oil and Gas (MPOG), as a surface prospecting method and including physic-chemical and microbial basis, was first used in China. The mechanics of MPOG is: light hydrocarbons migrate predominantly vertically from deep reservoirs up to surface soil driven by "microbubble buoyancy", which provides favorable conditions for obligate bacteria, i.e. hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria (HCO), and results in great increase of number and activity of HCO and then anomaly zones. On the basis of these zones, the existence and characteristics of underground reservoirs can be appraisable and predictable.In this paper, the practical programs of MPOG are expounded, such as field geological survey and sample collection, microbial experimental technique, data process and assess criteria, comprehensive evaluation and potential prediction of oil and gas, etc. which establish basis of the development and application of MPOG in China.According to the first large scale pilot results of MPOG in China, the coincidence between the microbial anomalies of the four areas in Huabei oilfield and the drilled production wells are up to 83%, at the same time the optimal target areas and the designed well sites are provided.A new MPOG method is studied and established, which is successfully applied to Songzi oilfield and the ideal result is made. a) the microbial anomalies are almost in coincidence with the oil and gas information of drilled wells; b) the oil and gas information of well ES-10 is successfully predicted; c) reliable results of determining sites are provided for well SK 8-1 and well SK 8-2, which are drilled within 6 months after MPOG and proved to have profitable oilIn a word, the establishment of our own MPOG not only supplies a gap of this field in China but also provides a new technique for extensively reducing exploring risk.更多还原