【作者】 庄锡进；

【导师】 林舸；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（广州地球化学研究所） ， 构造地质， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 本文在收集、整理前人的研究成果、地质及地震勘探及钻井资料的基础上，对准噶尔盆地南缘地层及沉积相带展布特征进行了研究分析，对准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带构造格局与形成演化进行了分析研究。在总结构造样式研究的基础上，对研究区的构造样式进行了划分和评价。利用断层相关褶皱理论、运动学特征，对准噶尔盆地南缘区域局部构造进行了构造建模研究。依据石油地质理论及分析化验资料、钻井和测井资料，以及油气成藏理论、油气系统理论等，对油气成藏条件和可能的含油气构造进行了分析和评价。 准噶尔盆地南缘的构造样式类型以断裂和褶皱的各种组合类型为主。最突出的构造样式是褶皱构造样式中的背斜构造，其构造分布特征是自山前向盆地背斜构造成排分布：南缘构造西段，构造轴向以北西西向为主，断裂推覆、地层褶皱程度较弱；南缘构造中段，构造轴向以东西向为主，断裂推覆、地层褶皱程度相对较强；南缘构造东段，构造轴向则存在北东—南西、东西向和北西—南东向，断裂推覆、地层褶皱推覆程度中等(相对前两者)。 研究认为准噶尔盆地南缘存在三个已知的含油气系统，即二叠系含油气系统、侏罗系含油气系统和第三系含油气系统。研究揭示油气成藏的条件首先是那些控制着油气的运移和聚集规律的古构造和作为油气运移和聚集重要通道的断裂，这是形成次生油气藏的重要方面；其次，安集海河组及其下伏地层中的有效储层是南缘油气的最有利储集层系和勘探目的层；第三，欠压实泥岩段下部低压封存箱有利于油气成藏；第四，燕山期形成，喜山期又能够得到较好保存的构造也有利于油气成藏。 经过研究提出了准噶尔盆地南缘油气成藏的三个组合，即下部组合、中部组合和上部组合。归纳出四种可能存在的成藏模式即自生自储型(齐古型)、次生型(呼图壁型)、混合型(独山子型)和可能的超压封存箱型。 评价和优选出可供钻探的11个构造，即卡东背斜、西湖背斜、吐谷鲁背斜、东湾背斜、高泉背斜、霍尔果斯背斜、玛纳斯背斜、阜3井北断鼻、安集海背斜、古牧地潜伏背斜、古牧地背斜等。对这些构造的钻探，定会给准噶尔盆地南缘油气勘探带来机遇和发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of adopting and analyzing comprehensively the available results, geology and seismic data as well as core data, this paper is focused on the analysis of strata and sedimentary facies character distribution of south margin of Junggar basin, and on the studies of structure frameworks and development of foreland overthrust belt. On the basis of summarizing research of tectonic patterns, it classifies and evaluates the tectonic patterns existed in south margin of Junggar basin. By using the theory of fault-related fold and kinematics characters, research of tectonic modeling about local structures of south margin of Junggar basin was made. According to petroleum geology theories, testing, drilling and logging data, as well as petroleum accumulation and petroleum system theory etc., this paper presents the analysis and evaluation of the petroleum accumulation elements and the potential oil and gas structures.The tectonic patters of south margin of Junggar basin are composed of the composition of faults and folds mostly. The prominent tectonic pattern is anticline structure which is one kind of fold tectonics. Its distribution feature is anticlines exist row by row from front mountain to basin: in the west part of south margin of Junggar basin, the structural axis mainly goes west-northwest and the action of fault thrusting and strata folding are relative weak; in the central part of south margin of Junggar basin, the structural axis mainly goes east and the action of fault thrusting and strata folding are relative strong; in the east part, the structural axis goes northeast, east and northwest, and the action of fault thrusting and strata folding are medium.Three known petroleum systems were identified in the south margin of Junggar basin after our research, which are Permian petroleum system, Jurassic petroleum system and Tertiary petroleum system. This paper points out that the petroleum accumulation elements depend on the following four aspects: First is paleo-tectonics that controls the rules of petroleum migration and accumulation, and faults as main channels of oil and gas migration. These two aspects are essential to forming secondary reservoirs. Second one is the effective reservoir located in Fm AnJihai andits buried stratum, which are the most faverable reservoir and target layer. Third one is lower pressure sealed-box in the lower part of mudstone that is faverable to pertoleum accumulation. Fourth one is the structures formed in YanShanian Movement and not changed relatively in Himalayanian Movement, which are faverable to petroleum accumlation too.It is considered that three petroleum accumulation combinations exist in the south margin of Junggar basin by our research. They are upper combination, middle combination and lower combination. This paper sums up four types of petroleum accumulation possibly exist in the area. They are primary reservoir, secondary reservoir, combined reservoir and potential over-pressure sealed-box.It evaluates and selects eleven structures to be drilled for oil and gas exploration. These structures are Kadong anticline, Xihu anticline, Tugulu anticline, Dongwan anticline, Gaoquan anticline, Huoerguosi anticline, Manasi anticline, Well Fu-3 Faulted Nose, Anjihai anticline, Gumudi subtle anticline and Gumudi anticline. It would bring opportunity and development of oil and gas exploration in south margin of Junggar basin to drill these structures.更多还原