【作者】 来永芳；

【导师】 郭勇； 李金；

【作者基本信息】 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院 ， 放射医学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 气体探测器是在粒子物理、生物医学等基础科学和工农业生产及其他社会领域应用最广的核辐射探测器之一。近年来，出现了两类新型气体探测器MPGD与RPC或MRPC，代表了当今气体探测器的主要发展方向，也使开展这两类探测器的研制与性能研究具有重要科学意义和使用价值。 本文由两部分组成，第一部分系统研究了强电场条件下，电子和正离子在混合气体中的漂移、扩散和电子雪崩规律；分析了MPGD的工作原理；研究了MGWC的制作方法和工艺；探索了用计算机辅助设计方法与相关专业软件相结合来设计MGWC并研究其性能的方法和步骤；自主设计，研制出了一种MGWC；对所研制MGWC的主要物理参数进行了模拟计算，得出了计算公式；对所研制MGWC的部分性能进行了测试，得出了结论；提出了MGWC性能优化的方法和原则。论文第二部分从气体导电理论和统计物理学角度出发，结合实验结果研究了MRPC的微观物理机制，得出了结论；研制出了一种MRPC；建立了基于宇宙线望远镜系统的MRPC性能测试实验平台；对所研制MRPC的性能进行了测试，结果表明对于已研制出的MRPC，其各项性能指标达到了国际先进水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gas detector has been one of the most widely used radiation detectors in basic sciences and many social development fields. Over the past several years, there have been two new kinds of gas detectors: MPGD and RPC or MRPC which represent the development trend of gas detector. Therefore it is very meaningful to develop MPGD &MRPC and study on their performances, because these two kinds of gas detectors have great potential.This paper includes two sections. The first section has studied on the laws about drift, diffusion of electrons and positive ions and electronic avalanche under high electric field in mixed gas. Meanwhile the mechanism of MPGD and the process of developing MGWC have been analyzed. And at the same time some functions for calculating the physical parameters of MGWC has been acquired. Based on the situation of print circuit technology in China, a prototype of MGWC has been constructed, and some of its performances have also been tested. Finally principles and methods for improving the performances of MGWC have been presented. According to the theory of Gas Conduction and Statistical Physics, the second section of this paper has researched into the micro-mechanism of MRPC and reached conclusion. A system for testing the performances of MRPC by cosmic rays has been established, and the MRPCs constructed by us have been measured too. The results of measured performances of MRPCs have proved that the MRPC developed by us has had advanced level in the world.更多还原