【作者】 常春；

【导师】 梅方权；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业经济与管理， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 Ontology(本体论)最早是哲学上的一个概念，后被应用于计算机人工智能研究领域。20世纪90年代起，研究者将其应用于信息系统研究领域，主要概念是指某一专业领域的全部术语、对术语的定义以及术语间的关系构成的知识系统。 近年来，图书情报界和其它许多领域都对本体论表现出浓厚的兴趣，从不同角度研究了它在知识组织、情报检索等领域的应用潜力。为了探索本体论在农业信息管理中的理论和应用价值，研究叙词表在网络信息时代的发展方向，本论文研究了领域本体论的构建、以及从叙词表向本体论的转化方法。 在系统介绍和分析了本体论构建理论的基础上，使用目前在国际上性能比较完善的本体论构建和维护工具KAON，进行了本论文的研究工作。论文把本体论的理论方法与传统的知识组织工具结合起来，利用已有的知识和技术，具体实现了本体论原型的构建。研究的核心是以食物安全本体论的构建作为分析案例，具体构建方法可以划分为4个步骤： 第一步是通过领域专家的参与，挑选典型的5篇食物安全论文，选择其中的重要词汇，人工构建了一个含有58个术语的食物安全核心本体论。 第二步选择中国农业科学叙词表中作物分类大类(989个词汇)，通过JAVA程序，将叙词表数据库转化为KAON格式文件，生成KAON可读叙词表本体论，再人工选择一些叙词表中与食物安全有直接关系的叙词，按语义关系加入到本体论中，完成从叙词表向本体论的转化。 第三步是将前面的两个本体论合并，借助现有网络搜索引擎，在因特网上人工挑选60条与食物安全相关的论文、会议等各类信息，组成一个16万字的食物安全语料库，人工选择重要词汇，统计词频，将合适的词汇也加入到合并的本体论中，则基本建成了食物安全本体论。 第四步即进行定期的维护和更新。通过食物安全一个专业领域的研究，总结具体构建的过程和方法，将来即可依据类似方法，建立农业其它领域的本体论，甚至整个农业领域的本体论。 论文其它部分则围绕本体论相关的主题，展开相应的调查和分析，总结出本体论在国内研究属于起步阶段，从多语种叙词表转化本体论是一个可行的环节，并展望了本体论在农业信息领域的应用前景等。 本研究是在国内图书情报领域最早研究本体论的论文之一，首次将部分中国农业科学叙词表转化为RDFS格式本体论，这是论文的重要创新成果之一。论文构建了食物安全本体论原型，无论是构建方法方面，还是从叙词表进行转化，研究成果都具有创新性，对国内开展本体论理论和实践研究，具有参考价值；在我国农业信息管理领域，对实现智能化信息处理和信息检索，具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The term "ontology," derived from philosophy, is the study of being and existence. More recently, within the context of computer science, it has come to mean a conceptual schema consisting of rigorously defined concepts, attributes, relations, and rules defining a given domain.In recent years, many specialists in libriary science and information science, have great interest in the research of ontology, they research its potential applications in knowledge organization and information retrieval from various angles. In order to search after the theory and application value in agricultural information management, and to research the trend of thesaurus in the web age, this dissertation research the construction way of ontology, and the conversion way from thesaurus.Based on the introduction of ontology theory, the author uses KAON, the construction and maintainance tool of ontology, designed and completed the first Chinese food safety ontology prototype.This dissertation presents the methods used to build a food safety ontology prototype in Chinese. First, it describes the use of the Kaon Suite of tools to create the ontology. Second, it describes the selection of typical food safety papers from the web, from which 58 terms within the food safety domain were extracted to create the food safety core ontology. Third, about a thousand terms from the Chinese agricultural Thesaurus were selected and then incorporated programmatically into the food safety ontology using Java; additional food safety concepts from the Thesaurus were manually added. Fourth, the core and thesaurus ontology were combined. A corpus of 60 documents on food safety was collected, and merged into a single file. The file contained 160 thousand Chinese characters. The associated terms were sorted by frequency, and the high-frequency terms added to the ontology. The final work involved revision and maintenance. Using this methodology, a Chinese Food Safety Ontology prototype was created. However, this procedure can be used to create other domain ontologies. The author also discusses the conversion of a thesaurus to an ontology, the uses of ontology, and so on.This dissertation is one of the earlist ontology research in library and information science in China, the author first transfer a part of the Chinese Agricultural Thesaurus to RDFS ontology in China. Both the way of ontology construction and the transfer from thesaurus are innovative. It is useful to the research of theory and practice in China, and is helpful to develop intellectual information retrieval engine.更多还原