祁彪佳及其《远山堂曲品·剧品》研究

【作者】 杨艳琪；

【导师】 黄霖；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本文力图在总结前人祁彪佳研究成果的基础上，对祁彪佳的生平思想交游及理论进行进一步的研究和分析，以期展示明代末年清流士大夫的政治际遇和特殊心态，揭示祁彪佳曲论的批评特色和理论建树及其在戏曲理论史上的地位。在研究过程中，特别重视他的生平活动与他《远山堂曲品·剧品》创作的联系，二者互相参证，有助于对他生平及曲论思想的深入研究和理解。第一章论述祁彪佳的生平思想及其文化背景，共分为三节。第一节阐述祁彪佳的生平经历与思想变迁，主要利用前人很少引用的祁彪佳日记、祁彪佳尺牍及多种祁彪佳传记和祁彪佳的文学创作作为资料依据，揭示祁彪佳从少年得志，抱有积极的入世心态，到经历了明末党争中多次仕宦风波后，造成的失落迷茫又难消救国救民之志的心理煎熬，以及后来明王朝大势已去、无力回天、自沉殉节的过程。第二节阐述祁彪佳的家庭文化环境，即他的父亲与他的兄弟及其家中特殊的女性文学群体营造的浓厚的家庭文化氛围。第三节阐述江南吴越地区的地域文化环境。由此可以了解其家庭文化环境和地域文化环境对祁彪佳的文化修养及文化活动的影响。第二章是对《远山堂曲品·剧品》的研究，共分为五节。第一节主要通过其尺牍和日记中的资料及其生平及思想历程来考订《远山堂曲品·剧品》写作时间及有无增补。第二节论述《远山堂曲品·剧品》的写作动机是以补作吕氏《曲品》之名，行纠吕氏所偏之实，并对当时曲坛风气深表不满、力图确立真正的曲坛高标。第三节阐述《远山堂曲品·剧品》的批评理念与吕氏《曲品》批评理念之区别，以及祁彪佳的历史意识对其批评理念的影响。第四节论述《远山堂曲品·剧品》的价值关注：注重教化、注重至正之情以及精英意识支配下的对“我辈”的思想观念及审美标准的标举。第五节通过祁彪佳对吴越曲学传统的继承，及其与同时代吴越曲家群体的交游，探讨了《远山堂曲品·剧品》的批评意识与吴越曲学的关系。第六节主要从祁彪佳高于流俗的批评识见、贯注人格精神于戏曲批评之中等几个方面，探讨了《远山堂曲品·剧品》的批评特色，并从祁彪佳对戏曲叙事艺术特征的把握出发，分析了《远山堂曲品·剧品》的理论建树及其在中国古代戏曲理论史上的地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of the research results before today, I want to research and analyze all Qibiaojia’s life and his communication with his friends ,and his drama theory in detail. in order to show Chinese upright scholar-bureaucrats’ political fortune and special thoughts at the end of Ming dynasty, and to show characteristics of his comment and contribution of his drama theory and its status on drama theory history. During researching process, I especially pay attention to the connection between all Qibiaojia’s life and his writing of<Yuanshantangqupinjupin>, and prove each other, helping to go deep into researching and understanding his life and drama theory.In the first chapter, I discuss all Qibiaojia’s life and his idea and his culture background from three pats. First, I expatiate his experience and idea variance, take Qibiaojia’s diary and his letters and many kinds of Qibiaojia’s biography and his literature writing which are used a flat lot before today as data, show how Qibiaojia achieve his ambition in his youth, have optimistic confusion idea, and after experiencing official career storm time after time, he undertake mentality suffering of losing at sea and difficult to eliminate his ideal of save the nation and people, and subsequently the Ming dynasty died out, Qibiaojia feel it is difficult to renew this ending, and choose to suicide by jumping into the pond. The second part, I expatiate the family culture background of Qibiaojia, namely the family culture atmosphere which is maked by his father and his brother and the special women literature colony in his family. In the third part, I expatiate the zone culture environment of Wuyue , in order to see the influence that maked by Qibiaojia’s family culture environment and the zone culture environment on Qibiaojia’s cultural attainment and his cultural activity. In the second chapter , I mainly research <Yuanshantangqupinjupin> from five parts. In the first part, I examine writing time of<WP=7><Yuanshantangqupinjupin> and whether it is subjoined by dint of his letter and diary and life and idea variance. In the second part, I discuss the writing motivation of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin>, I think Qibiaojia fill Lvtiancheng’s <Qupin> apparently, but in fact, he want to correct Lvtiancheng <Qupin>, and show his dissatisfaction on the fashion of drama grope then, and want to establish real sign. In the third part, I expatiate the difference between the criticizing thoughts of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin> and Lvtiancheng’s <Qupin>, and the influence that maked by Qibiaojia’s history idea on Qibiaojia’s criticizing thoughts. In the forth part, I discuss the value idea of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin>, namely paying attention to moralization and feeling according with legitimacy, and favor "Wobei"’s idea and taste dominated by his model consciousness. In the fifth part, I discuss the connection of criticizing consciousness of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin> and Wuyue drama research fruit through what Qibiaojia inherited form Wuyue drama research tradition, and how he affiliated with Wuyue drama writer colony. In the sixth part, I discuss comment characteristics of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin> from several sides of Qibiaojia’s view field that higher than common sight and Qibiaojia’s drama comment absorbed in his personality. And from how Qibiaojia hold drama narratability characteristics, I analyze the theory contribution of <Yuanshantangqupinjupin> and its status on Chinese ancient drama theory history.更多还原