沥青路面裂缝和坑槽养护维修技术的研究

【作者】 康敬东；

【导师】 孙祖望；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 本文着重针对沥青路面裂缝和坑槽这两类最常见的破损，对其形成原因、修补机理、修补材料及施工工艺进行了系统、全面的研究。 根据沥青路面裂缝和坑槽破损的几何形状及成因，对其作了全面、细致的分类，并对其大小和严重程度等级进行了划分。逐一针对本文提出的沥青路面六种典型裂缝和四种典型坑槽的破损机理进行了深入分析，并首次对沥青路面裂缝填封和坑槽修补机理进行了分析研究，提出了获得理想维修效果的具体要求。同时，还分析了填封裂缝和修补坑槽再破损的原因，并通过对不同裂缝填封时机的比较分析，得出较佳的填封时期。为使修补坑槽的密实度和平整度能同时获得保证，本文提出了松铺系数控制法和修补料用量控制法，来准确控制修补材料的投料量。 本文首次依据沥青路面裂缝填封和坑槽修补的维修特性和修补机理，全面分析了修补材料中集料与沥青结合料应具备的性能要求，并对集料与沥青结合料、修补材料与原有路面材料的相容性进行了深入的分析，同时分析确定了修补材料的级配类型、矿料级配、沥青用量范围、组成材料的选用原则及空隙率等。 首次提出了评定沥青路面裂缝填封和坑槽修补质量好坏最为直接、有效的评价指标，分别对用作裂缝填封材料的热沥青、乳化沥青和改性沥青及用作坑槽修补材料的热拌沥青混合料和冷拌沥青混合料的性能、适用场合及优缺点进行了比较分析，并按永久性修补要求，归纳提炼了裂缝填封和坑槽修补的工艺步骤，提出了可供沥青路面养护人员直接采用的工艺方案。 最后，本文创造性地提出了静力热压法修补工艺，并通过对其进行的理论分析和试验研究，证明了这种修补新工艺的可行性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis focuses systematic and comprehensive study on distress causes, repair mechanisms, patching materials and maintenance procedures in relation to cracks and potholes, the two most commonly seen distresses in asphalt roads.A most sophisticated classification is made to the geometric shapes and distress causes of cracks and potholes as well as to their sizes and degrees of damage. A deepened analysis is offered to damage mechanisms typical of cracks and potholes in six and four categories respectively. And an analytical research is conducted on crack filling and repair mechanisms, on the basis of which specific requirements on maintenance effects are put forward. Moreover, analysis done to the re-distress causes of filled cracks and repaired potholes aims at acquiring when is the proper time to fill cracks in comparison with some other time to fill them up. In order to ensure the density degree and the level degree of repaired potholes, this thesis presents loose pavement coefficient method and material capacity method to control the accurate feel amount of patching materials.This thesis for the first time bases its analysis on the maintenance characteristics and repair mechanisms for crack filling and pothole repair in asphalt roads. It analyzes the properties of the aggregate and the bituminous binder in patching materials, and further analyzes the compatibilities of the aggregate and the bituminous binder, patching materials and old pavement materials. Furthermore, it determines the grading types, the mineral aggregate gradations, the application rate of asphalt, the principle of selecting component materials and the air void.This thesis also first presents the most straightforward and the most effective evaluation indexes on the qualities of crack filling and pothole repair, compares and analyzes the properties, the applicable situations, the strong and the weak points of crack filling materials (such as hot asphalt cement, emulsified asphalt, modified asphalt, etc.) and pothole repair materials (such as hot-mix asphalt mixture and cold-mix asphalt mixture). On the basis of the permanent demands on repair, this thesis sums up and lists the maintenance steps in crack filling and pothole repair, and advances the procedure designs to be directly adopted by maintenance workers of asphalt roads.Finally, this thesis creatively presents the new repair procedure of the static hot-compacted method, and proves its feasibility and adaptability through theoretical analysis and experimental researches.更多还原