【作者】 杨宏志；

【导师】 胡长顺；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 公路交通是由人车路与环境组成的复杂系统工程，设计方案受多种因素的影响，重大工程的设计失误将为国家带来巨大的经济损失，传统的设计评价往往仅侧重于公路基础设施本身并未将公路融入人车路与环境系统中去研究。公路设计质量的控制手段主要是依靠专家的经验、智慧与才能，很难对其做出客观全面的评价。本文结合公路设计特点和人车路与环境仿真技术，以解决上述问题为目标，提出了人车路与环境系统仿真技术的研究课题。 本文从公路设计的需要和公路CAD软件的发展现状出发，首次提出人车路与环境仿真与设计协同的研究思路。分析了人车路与环境仿真技术在公路设计中的应用特点，研究了仿真系统与CAD系统之间对结构、功能、数据的相互需求，提出了基于数据文件和基于构件—软总线的人车路与环境仿真与设计协同框架，以适应公路CAD系统的发展现状，对人车路与环境仿真与设计的协同实现具有指导意义。 针对人车路与环境系统的复杂特点，建立了人车路与环境时变特征模型，有效的实现了对仿真状态的描述。将人车路与环境仿真系统定位为混杂系统仿真，并从混杂系统和时变特征的角度讨论了人车路与环境仿真特点，提出了对仿真系统体系结构的要求，为仿真系统应用框架的建立奠定了基础。 人车路与环境仿真系统开发原则和一体化方式研究中，首次将Multi—Agent的理论和方法引入人车路与环境仿真系统的开发过程。提出了基于Multi—Agent的人车路与环境一体化仿真框架，从软件框架的角度解决了仿真过程中高度交互性、智能性、自治性的问题，并对各Agent的基本结构、Agent的形式化描述、Multi—Agent的实现技术进行了深入研究。 首次将Petri网应用于人车路与环境仿真系统中，建立了考虑时变特征的推广混合同步Petri网模型，从而解决了传统混合Petri网难以对时变状态进行描述等问题，对人车路与环境仿真系统的实现具有重要的理论价值。建立了人车路与环境仿真系统GHSPN模型，并研究了仿真系统时钟推进机制。 从人车路与环境仿真系统的数据需求和体系结构出发，建立了适合人车路与环境仿真数据库的对象—关系数据模型，研究了其映射机制和实现方法。提出了基于COM的客户/服务器体系结构，从而保证了数据的易操作性、安全性和一致性。给出了实验框架和仿真模型的形式化描述，提出模块化建模的思路，并讨论了其实现策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highway is a complex system engineering which consists of driver, vehicle, highway and environment. The highway design is affected by different kinds of factors. The unsuccessful design of an important engineering would bring a huge economical expense to our country. Now the way which can guarantee the quality of highway design depends on the experience of experts. So this way cannot evaluate the highway design scientifically. This paper, combining the characters of highway and simulation technology, puts forward a research project which is driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system in order to solve above issues.Based on the requirement of highway design and the development of highway CAD software, the idea of cooperating driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation with design is first put forward. By analyzing applied characters of simulation in highway design and studying the requirements of structure, function and data, Cooperation frameworks based on data file and component-software bus are established which is important to develop a cooperation system.A time-changing characteristic model of driver, vehicle, highway and environment is established which is the basic work to express the simulation state and to organize the simulate flow. This paper defines the driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system as a hybrid system and analyses the simulation characters and the key technology from the point of view of the hybrid system and time-changing character. Further more the requirement of framework of simulation system is put forward by summarizing the characters of simulation system.Based on the characters of driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system, it is defined as the integrated simulation system and the principle of program and mode of integrated has been studied on. The theory and method of Multi-Agent is imported to system development so that it explores a new way to achieve the intelligent software. An integrated framework of driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system based on multi-agent is developed in order to conquer the problems of interactivity, intelligent and self-rule. The structure of agents and theachievement method of agents is studied which is important to finish the driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system.The idea of application of Petri net to organize the simulation procedure is proposed. Considering the time-changing character, a generalization hybrid Petri nets is established to solve the problem that the classic Petri net cannot express the time-changing state. Further more the general GHSPN model of driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation system is established that is the basic work of detail Petri net establishment.By analyzing the requirement of simulation and the framework, an Object-Relational data model which adapts to driver, vehicle, highway and environment simulation is established and the mapping principle and achieving method is studied on. The Client/Server architecture based on COM is put forward which can guarantee the easy-management, safety and consistency of data. The formalization expresses of experiment framework and simulation model are built up.更多还原