【作者】 李清廉；

【导师】 王振国；

【作者基本信息】 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 ， 航空宇航推进理论与工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本文围绕三组元喷嘴的性能评定及设计方法。采用反压冷试台、马尔文测粒仪、CCD高速摄影系统、三组元发动机热态试验台、数值仿真程序及辅助理论分析等多种技术手段和研究方法，对三种结构的同轴式三组元喷嘴深入进行了喷嘴流量特性和雾化特性、推力室燃烧性能和转工况性能研究，得到了大量重要结果。总结了同轴式三组元喷嘴设计方法。提出了一种喷嘴性能评价指标。 ● 得到了内混式外喷嘴各喷孔流量系数的变化规律和经验公式，以及整个喷嘴的流量特性变化规律。 ● 发现气液比是内混式外喷嘴最重要的定性参数。 ● 给出了适应范围宽广的内混式喷嘴混合腔压力的经验公式及变化规律。 ● 提出并深入研究了内混式喷嘴综合流量特性的概念，总结了综合流量系数的经验公式及变化规律。 ● 提出并深入研究了内混式喷嘴工况范围的概念，总结了工况范围的变化规律。 ● 发现了两种互相竞争的雾化作用。发现了3种主要气液混合流动形态。 ● 总结了内混式外喷嘴雾化SMD随气液比变化的经验公式，得到了结构参数变化对SMD的影响规律。 ● 对于三组元发动机来说，预混离心式喷嘴的燃烧性能及转工况性能均较差，内混两级离心式喷嘴燃烧效率较高，外混直流同轴式喷嘴的燃烧性能及转工况性能均较优。 ● 对于三组元发动机的燃烧效率来说，余氧系数增加促进其提高，氢含量的增加不一定促进其提高。 ● 首次提出了三组元发动机转工况过程的性能评价指标。初步得到了这些性能指标参数随发动机工作参数的变化规律。 ● 提出了喷嘴“综合性能数”指标及其计算方法。总结了三组元喷嘴设计方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Focusing on the performance evaluating and the design of tripropellant injector, adopting the cold test rig with background pressure supply, Malvem Particle Analyzer, CCD photography system, tripropellant hot test-bed, numerical simulation software and auxiliary theoretical a nalysis, the d ischarge c haracteristic a s w ell a s a tomization p erformance o f the injector and the combustion performance as well as the mode-transition characteristic of thrust chamber are studied detailedly based on the 3 different structures of coaxial tripropellant injector, large numbers of important conclusions are gained. The design method of coaxial tripropellant injector is summarized. A parameter for evaluating the performance of the injector is presented. Gaining the empirical formula and the varying regularity of the discharge coefficient of the internal-mixing outer nozzle, as well as the discharge characteristic of the tripropellant injector; Finding the mass flux ratio of gas to liquid (i.e. ALR) is the most important parameters deciding the performance of the internal-mixing outer nozzle; Presenting the empirical formula and the varying regularity for the pressure at the mixing cavity of internal-mixing injector, which is widely suitable; Presenting the concept of Overall Discharge Characteristic (i.e. ODCH) for describing the varying regularity of the discharge characteristic of internal-mixing injector, concluding the empirical formula and the varying regularity of Overall Discharge Coefficient (i.e. ODCO) for gas and liquid; Presenting the concept of Operating Range, concluding the varying regularity of Operating Range; Discovering the two competitive atomization process, and 3 main flow shape of gas-liquid mixture; As to the SMD of outer nozzle, offering the empirical deciding by ALR and gaining the affecting rule of geometry variance; As to the tripropellant LRE, the pre-mixing injector producing the worse performance including combustion performance and the mode-transition one, while internal-mixing injector give the better combustion performance, external-mixing the better performance of both combustion and mode-transition; As to the combustion efficiency of tripropellant LRE, the augment of coefficient of oxidizer-remainder will lead to the increase of efficiency while the augment of hydrogen percent does not improve the efficiency; Presenting the evaluating parameters of mode-transition characteristic for the first time, and gaining the variance regularity of that along with the operating parametersof rocket engine; Presenting the "Number of Overall Performance" for injector as well as providing the calculation method. Summarizing the design method of tripropellant injector.更多还原