【作者】 陶国强；

【导师】 陈发景；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 查干德勒苏凹陷属于银根—额济纳旗盆地东北端查干德勒苏坳陷内的一个次级构造单元。其基底为古生代时期华北板块、塔里木板块和哈萨克斯坦板块交接部位的陆缘或岛弧褶皱带，具有古生代造山带的性质。 对查干凹陷的构造单元重新进行了划分，总结了查干凹陷的主要构造样式，伸展构造是主体，并对其运动学特征进行了分析。“毛敦侵入体”可能为一前白垩纪的侵入体，前人所划分的早白垩世“罕塔庙次凹”可能不存在，毛南断层可能为一前白垩纪强烈活动的老构造。 提出了英格特—巴格毛德变质核杂岩带，其可能具有三层结构，形成与演化时代为晚侏罗世末—白垩纪；建立了查干凹陷发育的简单剪切模式。 讨论了查干凹陷及邻区中-新生代盆地构造演化及其地球动力学特征，三叠纪(印支期)为陆内造山作用与地壳增厚、隆升剥蚀阶段；侏罗纪(燕山早期)为造山后造山带的局部伸展垮塌阶段；白垩纪(燕山晚期)为造山期后大规模伸展垮塌作用与伸展盆地的发育阶段；新生代(喜山期)为远距离碰撞效应与弱挤压挠曲性质的稳定大陆内坳陷的发育阶段。 磷灰石裂变径迹模拟分析结果认为早白垩世至今大致可分为6个古地温演化阶段；沉降—埋藏史模拟揭示查干凹陷经历了早白垩世巴音戈壁—苏红图期的断陷期、银根期的断—坳陷转化期和晚白垩世乌兰苏海期以来的坳陷期。 查干凹陷具有较好的石油地质条件，烃源岩有机质演化在垂向上可划分为三个阶段。下白垩统巴音戈壁组二段具有较高的有机质丰度、生烃强度和排烃效率，由流体包裹体分析查干凹陷存在三期油气运聚史。提出了额很洼陷东北部和毛西断鼻构造以及毛南斜坡，是近期首选的有利勘探目标区带。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chagan fault depression is a secondary tectonic unit in Chagandelesu subbasin, northeastern Yingen-Ejinaqi basin, and the basement of the basin is a Paleozoic fold belt of continental margin or island arc with the character of erogenic belt at the connection region of North China plate, Tarim plate and Kazakstan plate.The structure units are redivided. The main structure style of Chagan fault depression is summarized, in which the extensional structure are the principle part. Its kinematics characteristics are analysed. It is suggested that "Maodun intrusion" may be an pre-Cretaceous intrusion, that the early Cretaceous "Hantamiao secondary depression" divided by the predecessor may not exist. Maonan fault might activited strongly during pre-Cretaceous.Yinggete-Bagemaode metamorphic core complex belt with three-layer construction is put forward, which evolved from late Jurassic to Cretaceous. The extensional simple shear model of the Chagan fault depression is established.The tectonic evolution and the dynamics character of Chagan fault depression and its adjacent Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins are discussed:At the end of Triassic continental orogeny increased crust thickness crust uplift and denudation were happened; Jurassic was a period of local partly extensional collapse of erogenic belt and Cretaceous was a period of widely extensional collapse of postorogenic erogenic belt; Cenozoic was a period of the development of stable intracontinental depression with the character of long distant collision response and weaked compression flexure.It could be divided into six paleogeotemperature evolution stages from Early Cretaceous to recent based on the result of apatite fission-tracks analysis; subsidence-buried history analysis shows that Chagan experienced fault depression stage during early Cretaceous Bayingebi-Suhongtu period, transional stage from fault depression to sag in Yingen period, and sag stage since Wulansuhai stage.Chagan fault depression has favorable petroleum geology conditions, the evolution of its source rocks could be divided into three stages. Lower Cretaceous Bayingebi group had higher organic abundance, generating hydrocarbon intensity and hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency. There were petroleum migration and accumulation in three phases through the analysis of fluid inclusion. The northeast Ehen secondary fault depression, maoxi fault-nose and maonan slope should be favorable places for prospecting in the near future.更多还原