【作者】 何会强；

【导师】 田世澄；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 最新评价表明，中国常规天然气的资源量为50.6×10¹²m³，储量大于500×10⁸m³的6个大气田中，前4个气田均是煤成气田，其总储量为5000×10⁸m³，占全国大然气储量的近1/4。煤成大、中型气田的储量在全国天然气储量中占有举足轻重地位。 我国的天然气储量在地理位置的分布上很不平衡，主要集中在人口稀少、工业不发达的中西部地区。该文针对位于我国东部的渤海湾裂谷盆地中的临清坳陷的煤成烃成藏作用进行分析研究，以期为该类盆地的煤成烃研究和勘探生产提供一定的科学依据，并在理论上有所创新。本文是在我校与胜利油田的横向联合科研项目—《临清坳陷东部油气资源评价》的基础上完成的。 临清坳陷位于山东、河南、河北三省交界处。构造位置处于渤海湾盆地西南收敛端，为一中、新生代大陆裂谷盆地，总面积18000km²，研究区面积约5910km²。 该文以成藏动力学系统和含油气系统理论为指导，充分利用工区以及邻区的各种资料，运用新思路、新技术、新方法，在构造、沉积、烃源岩评价等基础地质研究的基础上，认为石炭—二叠系烃源岩经历了三叠纪末期以前的一次生气阶段、侏罗纪—白垩纪时期的演化停止阶段和早第三纪至今的二次生气阶段等三个阶段。整体、系统、动态、定量以及宏观与微观相结合，首次深入地研究了本区的垂向输导系统（包括断层垂向输导系统、火成岩输导系统等）和侧向输导系统（包括具孔渗性能的自源输导层、它源输导层等）的特点及其形成和演化。结合断裂带的结构特征和断层断达的层位，将该区的垂向输导断层分为5类。并指出本区油气输导系统是一个以垂向输导系统为主，以Ⅰ、Ⅱ类主输导断层为骨干，与各类垂向输导断层、油源输导层、不整合以及火成岩体等输导系统相沟通的复杂的三维油气输导网络系统。它们的发育演化经历了侧向输导系统的形成演化和破坏阶段、垂向输导系统的发育和形成阶段以及三维网络输导系统的发展完善阶段。根据源岩断块的特点及其顶面构造特征，划分了七种不同的源岩断块排烃类型。文中还根据坳陷内各个排烃断块与输导断层在平面上的组合关系，垂向输导断层与源层在剖面上的耦合关系，以及Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类输导断层与主要源岩区的关系，划分出三种油气汇聚类型。 特别是，以菲克定律为基础，结合研究区的实际地质条件，尝试性地通过计算证明，第三纪以前形成的气藏（一次成烃阶段）已被破坏，散失殆尽，二次成烃（第三纪以后）具备形成中—小型气田的基本地质条件，具有良好的勘探前景。最后指出了有利的勘探方向和勘探目标。 通过多学科综合文献调研并结合研究区地质特征，提出了成藏动力学网络体系和三维网络输导系统的概念，并作了初步论述。对我国东部张性盆地油气成藏研究和勘探有一定的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The conventional gas resources in China is about 50.6×1012m3 based on the recent evaluation. Among 6 largest gas fields with proved geological reserves over 500×108m3, the top 4 are coal-related gasfields with the total reserves of 5000×108m3 about one-forth of China’s total gas reserves, indicating the importance of coal-related gas.The gas reserves in China mainly distributes in the mid-western area where is underdeveloped and has a sparse population. In order to find more gas reserves in the eastern part of China, the paper studies the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons from coal in Linqing Depression in Bohai Bay Basin. The purpose of research is to illustrate the coal-related gas reserves potential in rift basin and to provide the prospective target for further exploration and development. It is accomplished on the basis of the joint project-’Petroleum Resources Evaluation in West Linqing Depression" cooperated with Shengli Oilfield.Linqing Depression, with an area of 18000km2, is located in the joint boundaries of Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces. The study area is in the eastern part of Linqing Depression, with an area of 5910km2. It is a Mesozoic-Tertiary rift basin, located in the southwestern end of Bohai Bay Basin.Under the guide of dynamic system for pool-forming and petroleum system, this research has fully taken advantage of every kinds of data from the area, applied the new idea, new technology, new methods to study tectonic, sedimentary and resource rock. The results suggest that the source rock of Permo-Carboniferous has undergone three evolution periods. The first gas generation occurs at the end of Triassic and the generation stopped during Jurassic-Cretaceous. The second gas generation starts at the beginning of Tertiary and it continues till present. The vertical carrying system and lateral carrying system have been thoroughly investigated for the first time in the study area. Their characteristics and evolution history are studied integratedly, synthetically, dynamically, and quantitatively from both bulk properties and micro-features. The vertical carrying faults are divided into five types according to the structural characteristics of fault belts and the layer which the fault cut through. The carrying system in the area, dominated by the vertical carrying system, especially type I and type II carrying faults, linking to every other types of carrying systems each other, composed a three-dimensional network carrying system. The evolution of the carrying system has been undergone three stages: the formation and destruction of lateral carrying system, the evolution of vertical carrying system and the completion of three-dimensional network carrying system. Meanwhile seven hydrocarbon expulsion types and three accumulation types are classified based on the top surface features of source rock, and the relationships between source rock-block and carrying faults, respectively.The volume of diffusion gas has been calculated with the application for the Pick’s theorem to the local geological features, which proved that the gasfiields formed before Tertiary has entirely been destroyed. It is concluded that medium or small gas-pools might be found in the depression. Finally, the paper proposes some plays.The new concepts of migration and accumulation network dynamic system and three-dimensional network carrying system have been brought forward on the basis of comprehensive investigation of literature and geological conditions of the study area, which are of significant for the research, exploration and production in the oil/gas basins of tension types in east China.更多还原