【作者】 但武刚；

【导师】 郭文安；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 人类以自己的活动创造着社会的历史、现实和未来。但长期以来，活动并没有受到人们应有的重视。不重视活动对人发展有重要影响的倾向也存在于教育研究与实践之中。若要改变我们的教育无视活动或者假冒活动的弊端，就必须大力弘扬活动教育的思想。 我们当前的学校教育是一种严重缺失活动的教育，传统教育方式占住主导地位，活动方法仅仅起着装饰或表演的作用，偶尔在上公开课时才演示一番。教师在平时教学中仍然沿用传统的填鸭式方法。人们在素质教育和主体教育方面的探索在一定程度上改善了当前的教育。但是教育还没有发生实质性的变化，依然是以知识为中心的应试教育。传统教育积重难返，素质教育、创新教育举步维艰。广泛存在的教育弊端需要活动教育思想的冲击。 过去一段时间，人们仅仅从教学领域来改革传统教育，遇到了重重阻力，以至于事倍功半。我们应该突破活动教学法的藩篱，用活动教育思想全面地设计新的教育目标和课程内容，这样我们就能建构起系统的活动教育理论。 本文从教育思想史的角度梳理了活动教育的观点，全面地奠定了活动教育论的理论基础，界定了活动教育的概念，论述了活动教育的特征，提出了培养现实活动主体和过程目标的观点；分析了活动教育在教育目标上的价值追求，提出了适宜于活动的课程内容的新构想。在教学方法上，主要分析了科学教育和人文教育中存在的几种典型活动方法，以便使活动教育理论具有更强的实用性，使活动教学法具有一定的理论性。本文研究的直接目标是使教育过程更顺利地活动化，宗旨是通过活动教育把学生培养成为现实活动的主体。本文试图运用活动教育的思想去建构一种有助于学生主动发展的教育目标和课程内容，概括一套促使他们主动探究、积极实践、深刻反省和充分互动的教学方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human beings create history, present and future with activities. Nevertheless , activities haven’t gained their due attention for a long ,long time .This phenomenon also exists in education research .To stop all corrupt practices ,we should devote great efforts to carrying forward the idea of activity education.Recent school education is in serious lack of activities. Traditional education plays the dominant role whereas activity education acts merely as the decoration or performance, which appears only occasionally in open courses. Instructors still use the force-feeding method of teaching during the ordinary teaching process. Undoubtedly ,the exploration we made in both quality education and subject education has improved recent education to a certain extent .however, education still has no substantial change. Education becomes the education for examination, which centers on knowledge. Traditional education steps down hard; creative education forges with difficulty .The popular education abuses need the impact of the idea of activity.Obviously, to reform traditional education only in teaching field must meet many interference and even got half the result from twice efforts .We should not be restrained in activity education, either .We should use the idea of activity education, systematically examine and establish new education aim and new content of the course .In this only way could we establish systematic and all-round activity education theory.This article, from education thought history’s angle, rearranges the idea of activity education, sums up the feature of activity education, emphasizes that students should be the subject of activity education .It focuses on some problems, such as, the value activity education seeking on education aim, its content and its teaching methods, etc .The parts concerned with activity teaching mainly analyze several typical teaching methods of science education and culture education, in order to make the theory of activity education more practical and activity teaching methods more theoretical .This direct aim of thisarticle is to activity the teaching process more smoothly ,of which the principle is through the activity education to train the students as the subject of the real-life activity . This article try to use the idea of activity education to establish a suit-to-students teaching aim, teaching content, to resume a new teaching way through which the students study actively, practice enthusiastically, think thoroughly and relate fully.更多还原