【作者】 欧明俊；

【导师】 姚春树；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本文在挖掘梳理原始材料的基础上，在古今中外比较视野中，对现代小品理论进行较全面、系统、动态的实证性研究，总结其特点和兴替规律，提炼其有益价值，为当代小品散文及文学理论建设提供借鉴。 现代小品理论对小品概念与散文、随笔、杂文等相关概念以及自我、性灵、闲谈、闲适、幽默等重要范畴做了辨析。系统地探讨了小品形态与内质包括题材、体裁、风格、语言、笔法章法、功能及价值等特征。强调小品是个人笔调、自由文体。短小精悍，小中见大；轻松随意，亲切近情；小题大做，不弃琐屑；议论说理、言志抒情；清新自然，闲适幽默；批评讽刺，娱乐消遣。亦重反正统、反主流的思想特质。强调“言志”，反对“载道”，有救弊之功，但过重消解文学的崇高严肃和规则纪律，又走向另一极端。它广泛吸纳古今中外小品及文学理论资源，整合构建自己的理论体系，但往往“偏食”或“消化不良”。它是现代散文及文学理论的补充，对现代思想文化史亦有贡献。虽多矛盾疏漏处，仍有不可替代的价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 By excavating the original materials, the paper makes a comprehensive, systematical, dynamic and empirical study on the theory of modern essays on the basis of the comparison between the Chinese and foreign essays of the present and the past, summarizing its features and principles of development and changes, refining its values and providing a guideline for the construction of the theories of the contemporary essays.The theory of the modern essay makes a distinction between the concept of essay and the concept of prose, jotting and sketch, and a distinction between the categories of self, inspiration, conversation, leisure and humor. It approaches the form and content systematically including the characteristics of topic, subject matter, style, language, tone, the organization of the ideas, as well as the function and value. According the theory an essay is characterized by a personal tone and free style. It is short and pithy, embodying the magnificence into the smallness, light and casual in tone, cordial and kind in presentation, making a fuss over a trifling matter but not without reasoning and expressing aspiration and emotion, criticizing and satirizing, amusing and entertaining. Meanwhile an essay boasts the ideological feature of anti-orthodox and anti-mainstream, emphasizing the "expression of aspirations" and "defying the conventional values" with a function a salvation. But it goes to another extreme in terms of dissolution of noble strictness and stereotypic discipline of literature. The theory of modern essay has absorbed the variety of the theoretical resources of the essays and other formats of literature of the world so as to build up its own theoretical system, but during this process it sometimes shows its "partiality" and "indigestion". Nevertheless, it is a supplement to the theories of modern prose and other literary forms and it also contributes to the history of ideology and culture. Controversial and oversighted as it is, it enjoys a value that cannot be substituted by any other theories of literature.更多还原