【作者】 王建平；

【导师】 刘泽纯； 闾国年；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 长期以来，世界各国对于大气污染控制主要采用控制污染源排放浓度为核心的环境管理方法体系，但随着经济的发展和能源消耗量逐年增加以及人们对环境质量愈来愈高的要求，大气污染问题日益严峻，对大气污染采取浓度控制方法已不能适应环境管理要求，寻求新的大气污染控制的理想途径，是大气环境科学研究十分重要的课题。 大气污染物排放总量控制是将控制区域作为一个完整的系统，采取有效措施将排入区域范围内的大气污染物负荷总量控制在一定的数量之内，以满足该区域的大气环境质量要求，为大气污染控制提供了科学有效管理手段，从根本上解决大气污染问题。 本研究采用GIS技术，利用系统工程的方法根据区域社会经济发展状况、自然地理条件、污染源状况及污染物浓度分布特征进行综合分析研究，研究建立了污染源扩散与大气环境质量的响应关系，将污染源排放控制指标与区域的环境质量直接挂钩。根据研究区域的大气自净能力，最大限度地利用大气环境资源以及技术条件最优化设计，提出适合实际改善大气环境质量的具体对策。 论文系统地分析研究了大气污染物总量控制的基本概念、原理、方法、主要技术路线和区域大气污染源调查实验方法及研究区域大气污染源现状及发展变化趋势，为建立污染源与环境质量的响应关系提供科学依据，为研究大气总量控制提供坚实的理论基础。 通过对研究区域近六年的大气常规监测资料，研究和分析区域大气环境中污染物的历年变化趋势、季节性变化及空间分布规律和大气污染水平，阐述各功能区和区域总体存在的大气环境质量污染问题。系统研究了区域大气污染源现状及发展变化趋势，建立了污染源与大气环境质量的响应关系。在此基础上，研究各污染源的允许排放总量，并合理地分配到每一个污染源，以保证控制区内大气环境质量达到预定的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over many years, the method of controlling atmospheric pollution used by many countries in the world is one of method systems of environmental management which mainly focus on controlling density of discharging used atmospheric of pollution source. With the development of economy and the increasing of consumption of energy, people set up higher standards to environmental quality, the problem of atmospheric pollution is becoming more and more serious, the method of controlling density hadn’t adapted itself to the requirement of modern environmental management. Then it is one of the most important projects of environmental science to seeking one new ideal path of controlling atmospheric pollution.Controlling total quantity of discharging of atmospheric pollutant is one effective and scientific management means, which takes controlled areas as one integrated system and adopts some effective means to reducing atmospheric pollutant discharged into the area to certain limitation, it aims at satisfying the quality requirement of atmospheric environment, it can resolve the problem of atmospheric pollution once and for all.The paper, by using the technology of GIS and the method of Systems Engineering, analyzed the development situation of regional society and economy, the natural physical conditions, the situation of pollutant, and density distributing characteristics of pollutant, then set up the echoing relationship between pollute source diffusion and quality of air environment, which could make controlling index of pollution source discharging be closely linked with the quality of environment. Its aim is to take advantage of air environmental resources fully and make best design of technology condition based on the ability of air self-purification of region studied and seek for concrete countermeasures of improving atmospheric environmental quality.The paper discussed systematically basic concepts, principles and methods of total quantity controlling of atmospheric pollutant, put forward the main technological route and methods of investigating air pollute source, analyzed the situation of region studied air pollution source and its changing tendency, which could provide scientific substratum for setting up the echoing relationship between pollute source diffusion and quality of air environment, which could provide strong theoretical basis for studying total quantity controlling of air pollutant.The paper, by analyzing routine six-year monitoring records on region studied, discussed historical changing tendency and seasonal changing situation of air pollutant, analyzed spatial distributing law of air pollutant and level of air polluting. Moreover, it pointed out the polluting problems of air environmental quality in the regional studied, discussed systematically the situation of region studied atmospheric pollution source and its changing tendency, constructed the echoing relationship between pollute source diffusion and quality of air environment. Furthermore, it analyzed the total permitted discharging quantity of every pollutant, ascertained the permitted discharging quantity of each pollutant, to make air environmental quality of controlled region reach given target.更多还原