【作者】 李群；

【导师】 谭国民；

【作者基本信息】 天津科技大学 ， 制浆造纸工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 本文对造纸行业中具有较好应用前景的真菌门担子菌纲的白腐菌代表性菌株黄孢原毛平革菌（"Phanerochaete chrysosprium"以下简称"P.chrysosprium"）在麦草原料预处理中的应用以及废水生物处理等内容进行了较为系统的研究。课题涉及生物工程、制浆造纸工程以及环境化学与计算机技术应用等多学科内容，其成果对于利用生物技术处理纤维原料，减少制浆化学品消耗以及漂白废水污染控制工作具有重要的指导意义。 利用P. chrysosprium处理麦草原料，采用正交回归实验设计方法确定碳源（葡萄糖）、氮源（硝酸铵）、硫酸锰等对生物处理效果具有显著影响的因素水平最优化条件分别为（g/L）：27.22、0.06、0.20，作为麦草化学制浆预处理时间以6-12天为宜。根据最优化条件进行了碱法浆蒸煮试验，对比研究了生物预处理对麦草制浆的影响。结果表明：在用碱量8％--14％范围内，经过经过5天生物预处理的原料与未经处理的原料相比，在相同卡伯值和成纸强度条件下，用碱量降低2％。红外谱图分析结果显示，麦草木素生物降解是生物酶催化作用下的氧化反应，其结果C_α发生氧化、β-0-4键氧化裂解，导致木素大分子断裂溶出。 利用P. chrysosprium处理E段漂白废水（COD为389lmg/L）5天时COD去除率为71.8％、脱色率为65％。论文对密闭式分光光度法测定漂白废水COD方法进行了研究，确定最佳测定波长为430nm。t检验结果表明，该方法与标准COD_cr测定结果高度显著相关。实际应用中，该方法测定成本低，特别适宜批量试样同时测定，有利于消除系统误差。 对生物处理前后E段废水GC-MS检测结果证明，白腐菌P.chrysosprium处理漂白废水不产生二次污染；造成E段废水色度的主要污染物为各种长碳链烷烃、烯烃以及苯基酯类、醇类化合物，在菌体对数生长阶段可大量去除。 利用 olterra模型建立了 P Chwompum处理2，4一二氯酚模拟废水动力学方程。通过动力学分析定量探讨了有毒化合物作用下的菌体生长与底物降解关系。试验结果证实Volterra模型较好地反映了有毒化合物对生物降解过程的抑制作用，较为精确地描述了降解体系中菌体生长过程。动力学方程模拟结果与试验数据经Pearson检验高度显著相关。动力学研究表明氯代酚的批次处理试验中，生物吸附作用显著影响底物去除反应历程，这一特性在反应器设计及氯代酚类有毒污染物生物降解机理研究中应给予重视。在试验条件下使用P Chlysosporium处理2，4一二氯酚120h，去除率＞99％。 在本文的最后部分，利用分子连接性指数（MCI）描述酚类化合物结构，建立了人工神经网络（Artificial Neural Net，ANN）模型预测酚类化合物可生物降解性能。使用BP算法对试验任选的两组化合物的预测结果正确率均大于80％，预测结果显示了人工神经元网络模型对于各种酚类化合物的可生物降解性具有良好的预测能力，体现了网络模型自适应能力对于变量间相互关系和物理意义不明的多变量非线性函数具有良好的逼近性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research is focused on the application of white rot fungi in pulping and paper making field. In this paper, Phanerochaete chrysosprium (P. chrysosprium), a kind of representative white rot fungi, is used in straw bio-pretreatment and effluent bio-treatment respectively to decline the consumption of chemicals in pulp and the pollution of bleaching effluent.The nutritional factors were optimized for better lignin bio-degradation with Orthogonal Regressive Analysis Method, i.e., carbon source (glucose), 27.22g/L, nitrogen source (ammonium nitrate), 0.06g/L and manganese sulfate, 0.20g/L. The results show that pretreated straw consumes 2% less soda than that of unpretreated straw for cooking. The results of IR analysis show that it is oxidation of C. and -0-4 catalyzed by enzyme, which resulted in straw lignin bio-degraded.The COD of E stage bleaching effluent that has been bio-treated for 5 days by P. chrysosprium is 71.8% less than that of unprocessed E stage bleaching waste-water and the color removes is 65%. This study is focused on the feasibility that utilize the sealed tube method to measure CODcr of bleaching effluent. The best wavelength to measure concentration of Cr6+ is 430nm. The results of /-test demonstrated that it can be used for measurement of CODcr same as the method described in Standard method, and the Pearson coefficient was 0.9995. The advantage of the sealed tube method is that the consumption of chemicals is less than standard method. The results of GC-MS detected by bio-treated and unprocessed E-stage wastewater show that the mainly pollution source of bleaching effluent is composed of macromolecule alkyl, alkene, phenyl ester and hydrin etc. These substances can be biodegraded completelyduring fungi rapid growth stage by P. chrysosprium.The mechanism of degradation of chlorophenol by P. chrysosporium with Volterra model was studied and the biodegrade dynamic formula was established to describe the biodegradation and effect of biosorption in batch-reactor. The results show that Volterra model describe the fungi growth process and the action of biosorption in the poison system well. By the experiment, 2,4-dichlorophenol can be eliminated above 99% by P. chrysosporium.Finally, the Revised Feed forward Neural Network model of BP algorithmic was used to predict biodegradability of phenols substances using Molecule Connect Index to characterize structure of compounds. The correct rates are above 80% in predicting random sample. The artificial neural networks model is suitable for solving the problem of multivariate nonlinear function.更多还原