【作者】 唐士芳；

【导师】 邱大洪；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 海岸工程， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 桩基码头是港口工程中最常用的码头结构型式之一，应用极其广泛。由于桩基所在区域水流结构的特殊性，目前理论上研究尚少，实践上则通常采用物理模型试验或数值模拟来了解桩基码头前的水流情况。由于模型试验范围一般很大，物理模型往往都采用变态模型，而数值模拟则由于尚无合适的数学模型，因此，目前在这两种模型中，通常都将桩基码头简化为直立岸壁，通过模拟来预演工程实施后流态改变的情况。此种概化方法不能反映桩基对水流的影响，无法较好地描述桩基码头前沿真实的水流情况。 桩群的水流阻力比单桩的水流阻力要复杂得多，理论上解决桩群水流阻力目前还较困难。因此，本研究采用局部物理模型试验，通过分析研究，提出在桩式码头数学模型计算中，考虑阻力系数的计算方法。并提出在数值模拟控制方程中，如何考虑加入桩(群)影响的阻力项。 本文研究包括物理模型、数值模拟和工程应用三大部分。 1．物理模型试验包括三类模型： (1)单桩和群桩阻力的水槽试验；试验中采用不同桩截面形状和不同排列方式。 (2)水流中墩群阻力的物理模型试验(在水池内进行)； (3)码头群桩阻力的宽水槽试验； 通过上述三个物理模型试验，得出不同截面形状和不同排列时的阻力系数，并应用于数值模拟中。 大连理工大学博士学位论文 2．数值模拟： 通过理论分析，建立了桩体影响下的平面二维潮流数值模拟基本控制方程，并建立了数值模拟水流槽。在数值模拟槽中，桩基区域用本研究中物模所得的附加糙率系数代替桩基，水深也按过水断面相等原理修正。由此计算得出的码头前沿及港池调头区水域的涨、落潮流速变化与对应的物模水槽试验结果一致，证明用附加阻力系数和修正水深的方法可以很好地模拟桩群对水流的影响。 3．工程应用： 本文以上述研究成果为基础，对上海国际航运中心洋山港区一期工程5个桩基泊位进行二维潮流数值模拟计算，在该模拟系统中，引入本项研究成果用以模拟码头桩群对水流的影响，使研究结果更加符合实际，并已提供给工程设计单位应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Piled wharf (wharf with pile group underwater structure) is a kind of structure, which is very commonly used in port engineering. The flow pattern in the region of pile group is complicate, and is still rarely to be studied at present. Usually, in a real project, the flow pattern in front of the piled wharf is studied by means of physical model test or numerical simulation. Because the water area to be studied in such project is generally so large that an abnormal model should be used in the physical model test and also there is no suitable numerical model for such kind of structure in numerical simulation up to now. In order to preview the variations of flow pattern in the water region after construction, the piled wharf is usually simplified as a vertical quay in these two kinds of models at present. Making such simplification can not reflect the effects of pile group on water flow completely and so can not describe the real flow pattern in front of the piled wharf either.The flow resistance of pile group is more complicated than that of single pile. It is difficulty to solve flow resistance of pile group theoretically at present. A set of physical model tests were made here and a calculation method considering resistance coefficient of pile group was applied in the numerical simulation of piled wharf through analysis and research. In the governing equation of numerical simulation, factors of resistance considering effects of pile or pile group were applied.Three parts of research work are included in this paper. They are a set of physical model tests, numerical simulation and project application.1. Three physical model experiments:(1) The tests of the resistance of single pile and group pile in water flume: different shape of pile section with different array style were adopted in the experiment;(2) Model tests of pile group resistance in water flow in a water basin ;(3) Model tests for a piled wharf in a wide water flume.The resistance coefficients with different shape section and different array style have been obtained through above-mentioned three physical model experiments and have been applied in numerical simulation as well.2. Numerical simulation:The fundamental governing equation of two-dimensional tidal flow under the influence of pile body has been induced through theoretical analysis, and a numerical flow flume for simulation has been built as well. Within the numerical simulation flume, the pile group has been replaced by the additional roughness coefficient obtained from the physical model tests in pile foundation region, and the water depth has been revised according to the principle for equality of flow section as well. Then the variation of flow velocity for flood and ebb tide flow in the water region of the wharf frontage and vessel turning basin has been obtained. The obtained results are quite coincident with the results of the equivalent physical model tests. It proves that using the method of additional resistance coefficients and revised water depth can simulate the effects on water flow by pile group quite well.3. Project application:Depending on the above research results, the numerical simulation method for two dimensional water flow has been applied in calculating the five piled wharf berths of the first phase project of Yangshan port of Shanghai international shipping center. Among the simulation system, the above mentioned research results have been used to simulate the effects on the water flow by piled wharf, which makes the result more tallies with the actual situation. The results have been applied in the project design and research.更多还原