【作者】 王经卓；

【导师】 殷国富；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 复杂形状机械产品的设计，往往是由分布在不同部门或不同工作场所具有不同专业知识特色的领域专家群组协作完成的。Internet／Intranet、Web等网络技术的发展正在改变着传统制造模式，提供了创造一种能模拟机械设计专家群组分布、异地协同求解复杂问题这种自然属性的物质基础，允许建立一种新的信息支撑环境来实施一种全新的设计哲理——远程协同设计。但不同的制造企业根据各自的应用需求配置了不同的计算机系统、网络系统、数据库系统，从而形成了异构的分布支撑环境。因此，研究Internet环境下协同作业原理及其实施方法和如何实现异地信息的共享是一项具有重要理论意义和实际应用价值的课题。本文在分析未来产品开发敏捷化、全球化、网络化发展趋势的基础上，提出了远程协同设计系统的框架结构与动态联盟的建立方法，研究了异地设计工具的集成方法、负载平衡原理和凸轮机构的运动仿真及快速原型制造，并在此基础上开发了空间凸轮机构远程设计系统。论文在理论和实践中的主要成果和特色如下： (1)在分析动态联盟与远程协同设计的关系的基础上，提出了远程协同设计系统的框架结构和动态联盟的建立方法。论述了动态联盟中虚拟企业(Agi1e VirtualEnterprise，AVE)的层次组织结构和视图模型VEM，抽象出了影响动态联盟伙伴选择的10种关键因素，探讨了动态联盟伙伴选择评价方法、任务分配的协商过程及盟员权限管理。 (2)针对机械产品分布式异构环境下的协同设计的特点，分析了协同设计的原理和多智能体系统(Multi—agent System，MAS)的协商机制，提出应用Multi-agent原理构造机械产品远程协同设计系统中协同设计单元(Cooperative Design Cell，CDC)，并基于Web服务器集成了协同设计单元CDC，实现了异构设计资源和设计工具的集成，为动态联盟企业异地调用联盟成员的设计资源和设计工具提供了一种新的方法。 (3)远程协同设计的实施需要分布式技术的支持。作者分析了服务器端应用服 摘要务的开发方法，提出了远程协同设计系统基于B石①rowethe训模式的开发方案和原型系统的实施模型。 O）作者分析了CORBA规范的架构、通讯机制、核心服务、数据库集成和事务处理等，认为应用CORBA能够解决远程协同设计中的异地资源调度、设计事务的管理、系统的可伸缩性等问题。提出了由应用层、开放式分布处理层和系统支持层构成远程协同设计系统的模块化层次结构，并给出了基于Web和CORBA的远程协同设计系统的框架模型。 历）针对Web服务器集群动态负载平衡的特点，应用以应答总时间的增量为优化目标的请求分配算法Lloeast Tie Increasemellt）、能够避免集群进入临界状态的LTI＋算法及混合驱动任务调度策略实现了远程协同设计系统的负载平衡。 伍）针对凸轮机构，探讨了利用VRAl．的原型节点和动画功能建立机构几何模型和物理模型的方法，并在分布式远程协同设计系统中，应用分布式开发技术，构建了运动仿真虚拟现实文件生成器，探索了在虚拟现实环境中机械机构运动仿真的实现方法。 ＊）分析了远程快速成型服务，提出了在线式快速原型服务系统模型和快速原型服务联盟的结构并给出了基于Web技术的实施方法。 仰提出了应用单参数曲面族包络面理论建立空间凸轮廓面的数学模型，并进行了压力角的解析求解。在此基础上应用远程协同设计理论，建立了空间凸轮远程设计与快速原型制造系统，并给出了运行实例，验证了作者提出的空间凸轮机构的设计理论和远程协同设计与快速原型制造的原理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The design of complex-shaped mechanical products is always a team effort in which groups of experts from many disciplines and different locations work together. Modern network technology, which is promoting the changing of the traditional products manufacturing mode, allows to create a new information environment for supporting implementation of a new design philosophy, the so-called remote cooperative design, which makes distributed remote design available. At present, different enterprises set up their computer system, network system and database system according to their application requirements, so the distributed supporting environment is heterogeneous. Therefore, it not only has important theoretical significance but also has considerable practical value to research the cooperative operation principle and its implementing method, and how to implement the sharing of design information for distributed enterprises based on Internet. According to analyzing for development trend of designing product with agile, globalizing and networking features, this paper puts forward the architecture of remote cooperative design system and the building methods of dynamic alliance, researches integrating methods of design resources and tools, principles for load balancing, kinematic simulation and rapid prototyping manufacturing of cam mechanism. On the basis of all the above theories, the remote design system of spatial cam mechanism is developed. The main characteristics and creative ideas of the paper are as follows:(1) On the basis of analyzing the relation between dynamic alliance and remote cooperative design, the architecture of remote cooperative design system and the building methods of dynamic alliance are presented. The hierarchical organization structure and VEM (View Mode) of AVE (Agile Virtual Enterprise) of dynamic alliance are described. The paper also describes 10 kinds of key factors that have effect on selecting AVE’s partners, studies on assessing method for selecting AVE’s partners, consultation process for assigning tasks and partners’ permission management.(2) According to the characteristic of cooperative design of mechanical products in distributed heterogeneous environment, the paper analyzes cooperative design principles and consultation mechanism for MAS(Multi-agent System), puts forward a method of constructing CDC(Cooperative Design Cell) based on Multi-agent mode for the remote cooperative design of mechanical products, and implements CDC’s integration based on Web server so that integrates heterogeneous design resources and tools. It provides a new approachfor partners to use design resources and tools of dynamic alliance.(3) The implementing of remote cooperative design needs the support of distributed technology. Through analyzing the method of developing application program on server side, a developing scheme based on B/S(Browser/Server) mode and the implementing mode of the prototyping system for remote cooperative design system are presented.(4) The architecture, communication mechanism, core services, database integration and transaction treatment of CORBA specification are analyzed in the paper. We think that CORBA can resolve the problems of scheduling remote resources, management of design transaction and the scalability of remote cooperative design system. The modularized hierarchical structure of remote cooperative design system is constructed with application layer, open distributed handling layer and supporting layer. The framework of remote cooperative design system based on Web and CORBA technology is also described.(5) According to the load balancing characteristic of Web server group, request assignment algorithm LTI (Least Time Increasement) that takes the least total replying time increasement as the optimizing goal, LT1+ algorithm that can avoid server group reaching its critical status and hybrid driven strategy of task scheduling are applied to balance load of remote cooperative design system.(6) Directing at cam mec更多还原