【作者】 阎春平；

【导师】 刘飞；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 制造系统是将制造资源不断转换成产品的系统。制造系统在不断生产产品、创造财富的同时，也消耗了大量的资源。在量大面广的制造系统中，制造资源的浪费情况严重，进行制造系统的资源优化利用技术研究，对提高制造业资源利用率，降低资源消耗，从而提高制造业整体效益具有重要意义。近年来，许多专家学者在从事与此相关的研究和应用工作，如绿色制造、绿色设计、优化下料等，并取得了许多有价值的成果。本文从产品设计的角度对物料资源的优化利用情况进行了较深入的研究，同时深入研究了设计环节中对物料资源的利用效率有显著影响的优化下料技术。首先分析了制造系统中物料资源消耗的影响因素和产品设计对物料资源消耗的影响；针对产品生命周期中的物料资源优化利用问题，将并行工程的思想引入产品设计，提出了面向物料资源优化利用的并行设计方法，并建立了支持该方法的产品设计系统的结构体系、功能体系和技术体系，研究了物料资源消耗评估和设计信息管理等关键技术。然后针对面向物料资源优化利用的产品设计系统中涉及的优化下料关键技术进行了深入研究。给出了基于库存的二维Guillotine优化下料问题的数学模型，提出了一种新的求解方法——去差迭代求解法；引入了列生成技术，在推导多原材二维Guillotine优化下料模型求解的列生成数学形式的基础上，给出了列生成迭代求解算法，研究并分析了二维背包问题和一维背包问题的求解算法；提出了板材排样价值概念，建立了板材排样价值的估计方法；论文同时针对优化下料技术当前应用中存在的问题，提出了一种基于ASP（Application Services Provider）模式的多软件协同优化下料解决方法并给出了该方法基于Agent思想的具体实现技术。本文的研究内容是国家863/CIMS目标产品和总体技术项目的重要组成部分，基于本文的部分研究成果所开发的产品，已经在几十个企业中得到推广应用；在减少物料资源消耗、提高企业的设计水平方面，取得了较好的应用效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The manufacturing system is the system that continuously converts manufacturing resource to products. It turns out products and creates wealth, at the same time it consumes vast resource. There exists serious waste of resource in the mass and extensive manufacturing system. So the research on optimal utilization technology of manufacturing resource is of great significance to improve the utility of manufacturing resource, to reduce resource consumption and thereby to improve the whole benefit of manufacturing. In recent years, many scholars and researchers have engaged in related studies and applications, such as green manufacturing, green design, cutting-stock, etc, and have got many value achievements. From the aspect of product design, a deep research on the optimal utilization of material resource is made in this paper. And also the cutting-stock technology that has notable influence on the utility of material resource in the design stage is studied.Firstly, the factors that can influence the material resource consumption in the manufacturing system are analyzed in this paper, especially in the product design stage. Aiming at the optimal utilization of material resource in the life cycle of product, by using Concurrent Engineering (CE), the concurrent design method oriented to the optimized utilization of material resource is proposed and the frame architecture, function architecture and technology architecture of the product design system which support the concurrent design method are set up in this paper. Some key technologies, such as the evaluation of material consumption and management of design information are also studied.Then, the cutting-stock technology in the product design system oriented to the optimized utilization of material resource is deeply studied. In this paper, the mathematics model of two-dimensional Guillotine cutting-stock problem based on inventory is set up. To solve the mathematics model above, the iterative solving method through wiping off worse layout is put forward; On the base of the column generation formulas that are deduced to solve multi-material two-dimensional Guillotine cutting-stock model，the column generation algorithm is brought forward by using column generation technology; The solution of two-dimensional knapsack problem and one-dimensional knapsack problem is studied; The concept of the value of<WP=7>two-dimensional material layout and the evaluation method of this value is put forward; At the same time, according to the existed problems in the application of cutting-stock technology, a multi-software cooperation cutting-stock method based on ASP mode is presented, and the implementing technology based on Agent is presented. Achievements in this paper are the important parts of several national 863/CIMS projects. The products developed on the basis of some achievements in this paper are applied in dozens of enterprises and got good results in reducing the material consumption and improving the design level.更多还原