西晋诗歌研究

【作者】 常为群；

【导师】 郁贤皓；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 本文由考察西晋诗人的社会地位、生活处境、政治出路等方面的情况入手，在分析西晋诗人的群体特征、思想状况、人格表现的基础上，研究西晋诗歌的得失成败以及导致这些得失成败的主要原因。 论文指出：西晋诗人是一个主要由寒素士人构成的群体，他们受到西晋“举寒素”政策的鼓励和影响，致力于儒道德行的修养和诗赋文章的著述，希望以此来实现个人政治功名的理想。这种现实状况，不仅使得西晋诗人在思想意识和生活方式上和魏晋玄学名士有所差异，而且更重要的是对于他们的文学思想起到了决定性的影响—他们既顺应时代思想风气的变化，强调“非政教”性质的情感抒发；又适应晋室朝廷的倡导，在诗歌创作中表现出明显的追求古雅风格的倾向特征。实际创作中兼顾“政教”、“非政教”的意识和理论中倡导“非政教”的情感抒发，形成鲜明而强烈的对比，体现着文学创作活动、文学思想和外部社会之间的复杂关系。西晋后期，社会的战乱动荡使得寒素诗人消退了政治功名的热望，回复到个人生活的天地中，或专意典籍，或隐逸山林，诗歌创作活动因为较少受到外部其他因素的干扰和影响，而重新回归到自我情性的抒写和表现上，使得西晋后期的诗歌风格或慷慨激昂，或自然清新，与前期致力于典雅的风格差别巨大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Proceeding from Xijin poets’ social positions , life conditions, political success, the thesis studies Xijin poetry’s success and failure based on the analysis of Xijin poets’ features, ideas and personalities. The thesis reveals: Xijin poets are mainly made up of people from lower class. They’re influenced and encouraged by the policy of " promoting the lower class" at the time. Therefore they devote themselves to cultivating Confusian’s morality and writing poetry-verses in the hope of accomplishing political success and fame, which not only makes them quite different from Weijin’s metaphysical poets in ideas and way of life, but also has great impact on their literary ideas. They go with the change of idealogical mode in the society, emphasizing on the expression of non-political feeling, and fit in with the advocation of the Court, pursuing the style of classic elegance in poetry’s creation. In their poems, they also give consideration to political idealogy , which forms a sharp contrast with their advocation of expressing non-political fee’ling in theory , showing the conplex relationship between literary creation and society. In the later period of Xijin , because of the wars chao and social turbulence , the poets’ enthusiasm for political success and fame is fading away. They return and confine themselves to their personal lives, either engrossing themselves in studying ancient books and records or withdrawing from the society. Due to the lesser influence by the outside factors, the poetry’s creation regresses to the expression of self-emotions again. Consequently.the poetry’s style in the later period of Xijin is either impassioned or natural, which is strikingly different from the elegant style in the earlier period of the time.更多还原