节点文献

西洋参干制机理及茎叶果深加工的研究

Study on Drying and Whole Processing in American Ginseng(Panax Quinquefolium Linn.)

【作者】 丁之恩

【导师】 胡芳名;

【作者基本信息】 中南林学院 , 森林培育学, 2002, 博士

【摘要】 1、对西洋参生产中的剩余物——茎叶、花总皂甙提取分离进行了研究。结果表明:用热水提取、大孔树脂柱层析分离,提取效率高达80%,提取物得率及总皂甙含量,茎叶为16.6%和68.029%;花为32.52%和85.015%。方差分析表明达显著水平;提出了最佳工艺组合和主要工艺参数。为高效率、高纯度提取分离西洋参总皂甙提供了理论依据。 2、多糖是西洋参的重要活性物质之一,根据最新研究发现,其药用、保健价值不亚于总皂甙。本研究以西洋参叶为原料首次探讨了西洋参叶中多糖的提取分离方法、工艺。结果表明:用热水提取,乙醇沉淀法,提取物得率达19.3%,多糖含量可以达到32.2%,提取效率达96%;用30%乙醇提取,大孔树脂柱层析分离法,提取物得率达17.7%,多糖含量35.2%,提取效率高达98%。为综合利用西洋参叶提供了理论依据。 3、研究了西洋参生产中的剩余物——果实的利用价值,并对果酒发酵进行了研究。结果表明:果实中富含皂甙和游离氨基酸;经过酵母菌的生物作用使得果汁中皂甙增生,增长幅度高达38.88%;首次提出了皂甙人工生产、果酒工艺流程和质量标准。为工厂化生产皂甙及综合利用西洋参果实提供了理论基础。 4、研究了西洋参根干制机理及干燥过程中常见败坏现象。结果表明:在干燥过程中水分变化符合三次方程模型;脱水过程为“内部扩散控制”机理;常见败坏现象有“红眼圈”、“青支(褐变)”、“粉质”、“霉变”等,劣变的内外环境临界点是:物料含水22%,环境湿度是55%-65%;西洋参褐变属于非酶褐变和酶褐变,因有无霉菌侵袭而分;“红眼圈”参的内在品质较好。 对褐变机理的探讨、“红眼圈”参的品质评价、干燥制品的质量控制点等研究在国内外属首次。为制得高品位干制品提供了理论依据。

【Abstract】 1, The extraction and isolation of total Ginsenoside from American Ginseng’s leave and flower were studied in this paper. The results showed that the efficiency of extraction is 80% with hot-water extracting and macroporous adsorption resins as affinity column. Extraction coeffient occupy 16.6% in dry leave and 32.5% in dry flower. Total Ginsenoside concentration is 68.029% in leave extraction and 85.015% in flower extraction. The correlation of equation were highly significant. Technology-combination and main parameters were put forward firstly. This study offered the theoretical basis for high-efficiency and high-pure total Ginsenoside in extration and isolation American Ginseng’s leave and flower.2, Polysaccharide is one of important biologic active component in American Ginseng. The role of polysaccharide of American Ginseng is as Ginsenoside in officinal and health the role in according to latest research. The extraction and isolation of Polysaccharide from American Ginseng’s leave were studied firstly time in this paper. The results showed that the efficiency of extraction is 96% with hot-water extracting and ethanol-subsiding method. Extraction coeffient occupy 19.3% in dry-leave. Polysaccharide concentration is 32.2% in leave extraction.the efficiency of extraction is 98% with ethanol extracting and macroporous adsorption resins as affinity column. Extraction coeffient occupy 17.7% in dry leave. Polysaccharide concentration is 35.2% in leave extraction. This study offered the theoretical basis for synthetize utilization American Ginseng’s leave.3, American Ginseng’s fruit--remainder in American Ginseng production and the fermentationof fruit wine were studies in utilization value and technology process. The results showed that A lot of total Ginsenoside and dissociative amino- acid exist in fresh fruit. Total Ginsenoside in fruit juice was added and to 138.88% with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in fermentation. Technology-flow chart and quality standard were put forward firstly. This study offered the theoretical basis for manufacturing total Ginsenoside in factory and synthetize utilization American Ginseng’s fruit.4, Dry mechanism and usually rotten in dry American Ginseng’s root were studied in this paper. The results showed that the transformation of water was fitted Cubic equation in dry AmericanGinseng’s root. Water evaporation was controlled in "inside-pervasion" mechanism in dehydration. There were "Red eyes", "Browning", "Powdery", and "Mildew" and so on. hi usually rotten. Rotten critical point is 22% water in root and 55-65% in environment humidity. Browning hi American Ginseng’s root belongs to enzyme-browning and non-browning hi drying process, hi fact, "Red eyes" dry-root was a good product hi quality. Browning mechanism, quality value about "Red eyes" and quality controlling point were put forward firstly over all world. This study offered the theoretical basis for manufacturing good-quality American Ginseng’s dry-root.

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 中南林学院
  • 【网络出版年期】2002年 02期
  • 【分类号】S567.53
  • 【被引频次】2
  • 【下载频次】444
节点文献中: 

本文链接的文献网络图示:

本文的引文网络