【作者】 李欣峰；

【导师】 梅炽；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 热能工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 铜闪速熔炼是一种多操作变量、多种过程强耦合的炼铜工艺，在该熔炼过程中，一方面各种原料的物相成份、燃料的化学成份、操作参数都处于变动状态，另一方面，气体或熔体流动、发热和吸热、同相与异相之间的传热以及化学反应等过程都彼此互为条件，互相强烈影响。随着铜闪速熔炼过程指标要求的提高，对铜闪速熔炼过程进行数值分析与优化就显得日趋重要。对铜闪速熔炼过程进行数值分析与优化的具体目的就是提高产量，降低烟尘率与燃料消耗。 本文通过对铜闪速熔炼系统与过程的详细研究，针对铜闪速炉内部的冶金过程的特点，利用计算流体力学、计算传热学与计算燃烧学的知识，建立了对铜闪速炉内的气流流动、传热、燃烧、传质和精矿颗粒的轨迹、温度、化学反应以及它与气体的传热、传质进行分析的数学模型，并利用商业软件为基础，开发出了铜闪速熔炼仿真系统。 在开发铜闪速熔炼仿真系统过程中，作者对二维铜闪速炉进行了仿真计算，得到了反应塔内部温度、浓度和颗粒轨迹趋势图，并对不同位置、不同粒径颗粒在反应塔内部运动中的温度变化进行了分析，还指出了不同颗粒粒径、位置分布对颗粒温度的影响，同时对计算过程中提高收敛速率提出了多种策略。 本文对我国引进的第一台闪速炉——贵溪冶炼厂铜闪速炉进行了仿真分析，通过仿真，得到了一系列的可以用来指导生产的数据，指出了铜闪速炉烧顶的原因，还得到了颗粒分散情况以及对颗粒温度、氧化的影响以及颗粒对壁面的影响；同时，通过仿真计算对比了110t·h^-1与125t·h^-1精矿量在高温区范围上的不同以及对生产的影响，确保了安全高效的将生产能力从110t·h^-1提高到125t·h^-1，并降低了闪速炉的烟尘率。 本文还对金隆公司铜闪速炉的现行工况进行了仿真分析与现场测试，测试结果与仿真结果相符，验证了模型的可靠性。同时，针对金隆公司提出的将精矿处理量从65t·h^-1提高80t·h^-1进行了预测，并提出了最佳的工艺风中氧气浓度、分散风速度与中央氧气比例等操作参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Copper flash smelting is a complicated process with strong coupling multiple operation parameters. In this process, the material composition of ore, chemical composition of fuel and the operation parameters are changed with time, on the other hand, there are causations and influences among the flowing gas and melt, heat absorption and generation, heat transfer and chemical reaction in single phase or multiple phases. With the development of flash smelting, it shows more and more importance of the numerical analysis and optimization of flash furnace. The purpose of the analysis and optimization is to improve the productivity, decrease the dust generation ratio and the fuel consumption.Through detailed research on copper flash smelting system and process, according to the characteristics of the metallurgy process in copper flash furnace, with the knowledge of computational fluid dynamics, computational combustion, numerical heat transfer, a model including fluid flow, heat transfer, combustion, mass transfer and the track, temperature and chemical reaction of concentration was set up, and a flash furnace simulation system based on commercial software CFX was developed.Simulation has been done for copper flash furnace with a 2-D during developing the simulation system of copper flash furnace. The results including temperature, concentrate and particle track are obtained. The temperature of particles with different diameters and position distributions are analyzed and the influences of particle are obtained. At the same time, multiple strategies have been put forward in order to increase the speed of convergence.Guixi flash furnace, the first copper flash furnace in China, was simulated and a serial of data are obtained which can be used to instruct the operation. From these data, the reason of the flash furnace roof damage, the influence of particle distribution, particle temperature, oxidations are analyzed. At the same time, concentration flow rate 110 t-h"1 and 125 t-h’1 be compared and the influence of different high temperature zone was obtained. It ensures the safe production and decreases the dust generation ratio.With the help of simulation system of copper flash furnace, Jinlong flash furnace is also simulated. Via the simulation and factory test, the system is proved to be reliable. At same time, a forecast was done for increasing the product capacity from 65 t-h"1 to 80 t-h"1 concentration and the best operating parameters such as oxygen concentrate of process air, velocity of distribution air and proportion of oxygen in central oxygen were resulted.更多还原