【作者】 陈志坚；

【导师】 卓家寿； 周世忠；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 本文以大跨径悬索桥地基基础及层状岩质高边坡为研究对象，侧重监测技术和监控模型的研究，主要内容如下： 1、以大量现场调查研究为基础，首次提出了针对层状岩体的岩性组合类型控制论以及岩性组合类型的分类依据，并在将其分为六大类后，分别阐述各类岩体的岩性组合特征。 2、将多层结构模型引入层状岩体的数值分析，并编制了相应的计算程序。算例表明，对于含有大量层面和裂隙、岩性频繁交替的层状岩体，多层结构模型具有较好的针对性、适用性，且概念明了、简便易行。 3、构造了各类岩体的样本单元，提出了采用三维非线性有限元法模拟岩体现场试验的样本单元法。该方法探讨了一条由岩块力学参数和岩体结构类型获取岩体力学参数的有效、便捷途径。 4、首次将地质学中用于确定最不利滑向的赤平投影法引入干扰能量法，提出了确定最不利潜在滑面的干扰位移法。该方法具有计算工作量小、解唯一、准确度高的优点。 5、以现场调查为基础，参照水工隧洞设计中考虑外水压力的水力折减系数法，首次提出了将包气带渗透力概化为经水力折减后的面力的简化算法。 6、阐述了监测资料可靠性检查和完整性补充的方法以及VB与Excel混合编程方法在江阴大桥地基基础安全监测资料管理系统建立中的应用。 7、结合江阴大桥南塔区边坡，研究了大跨径悬索桥基础与层状岩质边坡的相互作用。提出了有限元分区分析法以及监测网点布置原则；创造性地提出了层状若质边坡测斜孔埋设的“跟浆套钻法”和“软管跟管孔底注浆法”，该方法的应用使“硬滑”地层中的测斜孔深度达到82.5m；首次提出了基于外观成果的边坡安全性综合评判模型和基于内观成果的边坡稳定性预测预报模型。 8、根据江阴大桥南塔墩基桩轴力64个测点的70次观测成果，分析了桩周摩擦失效嵌岩群桩的传力机理，揭示了群桩中的超载问题和应力调整过程以及最不利滑面的迁移；采用理论计算、定性评价和数值分析相结合的方法首次建立了基桩轴力安全监控模型。实践证明，桩周摩擦失效嵌岩桩基础可有效地降低塔墩荷载的作用面，是一种值得在跨越工程中推广的基础方案。 9、探讨了振弦式压力盒在刚性接触面应力监测中的应用及存在的问题和监测成果修正方法；重力式嵌岩锚的传力机理；影响重力式嵌岩锚安全监控模型的因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this thesis, in-depth research on monitoring technology , safety evaluation and prediction model which were directed at the big span suspension bridge and high laminated rocky slope was made. The main contents are as follows: 1. Based on investigation, the determinism and the classification standards of lithologic characters combined type of laminated rock mass were suggested. The laminated rock mass was divided into six types and the corresponding characters of each types were described. 2. The laminated model was introduced into the numerical analysis of the laminated rock mass and the corresponding computer program was compiled. The example of calculation indicates the model is correspondent and suitable to the lithological characters alternating frequently rock mass with many fractures and bedding planes. Also the model is clear and easy to put into practice. 3. Sample element of each types of laminated rock mass were built. The sample element method (SEM) using 3D nonlinear FEM to simulate in-situ test was introduced. The method was used to explore an efficient and easy way to obtain the mechanical parameters on the basis of the mechanical parameters of block mass and the structure of rock mass. 4. Stereographic projection method (SPM) used to determine the most possible sliding direction in geology was introduced into the interference energy method (IEM), and then the interference displacement method (1DM) to determine the most dangerous slip mass was introduced for the first time. It can reduce computing cost effectively, get the unique resolution and raise the accuracy. 5. Consulted the hydrostat discount rate method used in the tunnel lining designation to determine the external water pressure, the slope stability factor algorithm simplified osmotic pressure in aeration zone to hydrostatic pressure after discount on the basis of investigation was suggested for the first time. 6. The reliability checking, perfection complement method and the application of VB and Excel programs in administration system of monitoring data of JiangYin Bridge foundation were introduced. 7. Taken the research on the south bank slope of JiangYin Bridge as example, the interaction between big span suspension bridge foundation and laminated rocky slope was studied. The disciplines of monitoring mesh designation and the stability analysis methods based on zoning were introduced. The Sleeve Drill Method drilling and cement injection alternated and the Grouting Method grouting from the bottom of the hole using soft pipe bound around the inclinopipe used in the building of inclinohole were suggested for the first time. The methods made the depth of the hole with clinometers in hard and bad rock get to 82.5 meters. The comprehensive evaluation models based on the external deformation and calculation method based on the shear displacement to the safety and stability of slopes were introduced for the first time. 8. Based on the 70 axial force monitoring data on 64 manometers in south tower piles foundation of JiangYin Bridge, the force transferring mechanism of socketed pile group using friction ineffective treatment at the top 20 meters was analyzed. The surcharge problem, the course of stress adjustment and the transition of the slip surface on which was easiest to slide in pile group were discovered. The monitoring and evaluation models to the axial force of foundation piles were built in combination with theory calculation, qualitative evaluation and更多还原