【作者】 赵德海；

【导师】 董毓新；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 本文共分上、下两篇，第一篇主要是针对建设中的三峡水电站，研究了巨型压力钢管取消伸缩节的问题，其中的研究成果已成为三峡水电站确定是否可以取消厂坝间压力钢管伸缩节结构的依据；第二篇是针对缅甸国的邦朗水电站，研究了地下厂房结构的静动力分析问题，该电站的初步设计由挪威国家完成，鉴于其机墩结构型式的特殊性，有必要对其进行静动力分析，研究成果已被设计采纳。文中的主要研究内容和研究成果概括如下： 1．首先从水电站压力管道的发展应用历程出发，简要介绍了压力管道的发展趋势、研究现状及存在的问题；以国内外众多的工程实践为依据，论述了设置厂坝间压力钢管伸缩节的必要性，取消伸缩节结构的经济合理性及技术可行性。 2．针对三峡水电站这一具体工程，提出了以厂坝间的一段垫层钢管作为取消伸缩节结构后的替代结构方案，并对厂坝间的该段垫层钢管在常规荷载及温度荷载作用下的受力特性进行了详细分析。结果证明，增加该段垫层钢管的长度、增高厂坝间接缝混凝土的高程、设置预留环缝并推迟其合拢时间、在高温环境下合拢都有助于改善垫层钢管的受力状态。 3．在进行温度荷载分析时，突破了传统的只在结构上施加已知温差的方法，而是应用了温度仿真分析这一新技术，得到了垫层钢管两端的温度随时间变化过程曲线及位移随时间变化的过程曲线，使得分析结果更加确切与直观。 4．对于三立柱环形梁异型机墩结构，国内外的实际工程中很少采用。但通过对其进行整体结构三维有限元静动力分析，认为可以满足在施工及运行阶段所可能遇到的各种工况的强度要求，且没有与机组的主要振源发生共振的危险，为该种新型机墩结构的推广应用提供了一个实例。 最后，对全文做了总结，对有待进一步研究的问题进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two parts of problems are studied in this paper. The first part is about the Three Gorges Project that is under construction. Numerical analysis is proposed on large penstocks without expansion joints of the project. The study result is seen as a rule to decide whether or not the expansion joints can be replaced by the penstocks with soft cushion layer. The second part is about the Paunglaung Hydropower Project located at Burma. The static and dynamic analysis is performed on the underground powerhouse. The project is designed by Norway. And it is necessary to perform the static and dynamic analysis during to the special shape of the supporting structure. The designers adopt the results to improve the design work. The major contents and researched results are as follows:1. Begin from the developing and application courses of penstocks for hydroelectric power station, the developing trend, the existing status of approach and the open question are introduced briefly. Based on some case study in the world, the necessity of installing the expansion joints of the penstocks between the powerhouse and the dam is discussed. The economy and feasibility of abolishing the expansion joints are also been studied.2. For the Three Gorges Project, the section of penstocks with soft cushion layer is adopted as the replacement of expansion joints. The detailed analysis is proposed on stress-strain characteristic of the section of penstocks under the main loads and thermal loads. The research results proved that the longer of the penstock with soft cushion layer, the higher elevation of the concrete in the joint between the powerhouse and the dam, located preformed circular seam on the penstock and retarding it’s close time, closing in higher circumstance temperature are all made a contribution to lower the stress-strain state of the penstock.3. Thermal simulating technique is used on the thermal loads numerical analysis, which has break through the conventional method that application of temperature difference load on the structure. The temperature-time and displacement-time curves on the two ends of the penstock with soft cushion layer are obtained by the new technique, which made the research result more reliable and visual.4. The abnormal supporting structure of turbine units, which are composed of a circle beam with three out-of-shape columns, is seldom adopted in the world. According to the static and dynamic numerical analysis results on the whole structure by three-dimensional method, indicated that the stress-strain state isacceptable under the various work condition during construction and operation. And it has no danger to occur resonance vibration with the main vibration sources of turbine units. A project example is proposed for the spread of utility of the new supporting structure of turbine units.Finally, a summary is given and some problems to be further studied are discussed.更多还原