【作者】 傅鹤林；

【导师】 刘宝琛；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2000， 博士

【摘要】 随着国民经济的飞速发展，铁路、公路的建设速度越来越快。铁路和公路沿线将出现越来越多的人工边坡，人们将越来越多地遇到滑坡问题，滑坡分为土质滑坡和岩质滑坡两类，土质滑坡已有许多学者做过专门研究，岩质边坡相对土质边坡有其自身相对复杂的特点。其中块裂岩质边坡稳定性研究一直是国内外研究的热点和难点之一。本文在工程地质调查的基础上借助新近出现的块体理论、分形理论、灰色理论、随机分析理论及数值分析技术建立了块裂岩质边坡稳定性分析的理论模型，并将模型应用于湘--黔线k300-k316段岩质边坡稳定性分析，力求达到真正解决块裂岩质边坡稳定性问题的目的。本文内容主要包括： 1、采用块体理论中矢量分析法和全空间赤平极射投影相结合的方法确定了边坡节理裂隙构成的诸多块体中的有限和无限块体，从中寻找出可能滑动的块体。并根据不同滑动面情况给出了不同求块体稳定性系数的计算公式。 2、借助于分形几何对边坡岩体节理裂隙的特征（方位、形态、规模、间距或密度、裂隙宽度、粗糙度、壁面强度等）进行研究，确定了岩体节理裂隙的力学参数。 3、在JRC分形研究的基础上对Barton和Bakhtar曾建议用下式估算岩体节理裂隙的平均机械张开度进行了补充和完善，即法向应力作用下裂隙张开度修正为。在法向力作用下，节理裂隙中水流对裂隙开度的变化十分敏感，开度的微小变化将引起裂隙中水流的较大变化。本文推导了节理裂隙单位压力梯度渗流量与裂隙开度的关系。 4、首次将节理裂隙视为有限长，借助有关岩体节理裂隙概率统计研究成果，对块体理论进行修正，确定了关键块体变为滑动块体概率计算公式为 5、本文提出采用GM（1，1）模型预测降雨量，而采用Markov链进行修正的方法，首次用该方法建立了大气降雨量预测的理论模型，并结合实例进行具体应用，解决了当降雨量的时间序列呈不严格的指数规律变化时，大气降雨量的预测问题。 6、采用有限元对块裂岩质边坡稳定性进行模拟分析，分析时模拟了节理裂隙，一同时考虑了岩石材料的非线性。 7、将理论模型应用于湘一黔线k300十316段岩质边坡稳定性分析，根据分析结果，对工程提出有指导性作用的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As economic develops rapidly, the construction of railway and highway becomes faster. There are many artificial slopes along railway and highway, and many slope sliding problems appear. Slope slides are divided into earth slide and rock slide. Many people have studied much about earth sliding slope. Compared to earth slope ,rock slope has its features. The study of stability analysis of Block crack rockmass is always a complicated and concentrated problem. On the base of geology ? survey ,combining newly present Block Theory with Fractal Geometry, Grey Theory, Random Simulation Theory and Numerical Method ,the Author builds theoretical model of stability analysis of Block Crack rockmass.,and applies it in ? stability analyzing of rockmass slope in k300-k3 16 Xiang--Qian Railway. The aim of the Author抯 is to solve stability analyzing problem of Block Crack rockmass in slope. The content of this Thesis contains: 1. Combinating vector analyzing method with equator plane projection of rockmass structure plane in whole space ,the Author determines the limited and unlimited blocks among the blocks that made up of by many joints and cracks in slope, and looks for the potential sliding blocks. According to different sliding planes, the Author puts up forward different calculation formulae of blocks stabilities. 2. On the base of Fractal Geometry ,the Author has studied the features of joints and cracks(Locality, Shape, Scale, Distance or Density, Roughness, plane Strength etc.),and determines mechanics parameters of joints and cracks in rockmass. 3.On the base of studying result of JRC, The Author modifies the calculation formula of mechanics expanding width in joints and cracks i.e JRC a- bm = (0.2 梥-- ?0.1) .When under the condition of perpendicular force ,the 5 JCS calculation formula of expanding width in joints and cracks becomes a b,,, = bm exp(??) . Under the normal force, the fluid in joints and cracks is very km bm sensitive to expanding width of joints and cracks. The connection between force grad and expanding width through joints and cracks is inferred. 4. It is the first time that the Author regards the Length ofjoints and cracks as limited. On the base of probabilistic and statistics results of joints and cracks, the Author modifies Block Theory. The sliding probability of Key Block is I A RSTR A CT F2 (x) ? 5.It is put up forward that GM(l,1) Model to predict Amount of rainfall, and Markov Chain to modifY GM( 1,1 )predicting result, and then a theoretical predicting Model of amount of rainfall is firstly built. This model is applied in a situ example. It is proved that the model is very useful to predict amount of rainfall ,when ordinal array of Amount of rainfall changes in unexact index rule. 6.Finite Element Method is applied in analyzing stability in Block Crack rockmass slope, during the analyzing, joints , cracks, and nonlinear feature are considered. 7.The theoretical analyzing model is applied in analyzing stability of rockmass slope in k300-k3l6 Xiang--Qian Railway, on the base of analyzing results, instructive proposal to engineerin更多还原