“矿床数学—经济模型”软件包的开发及其在元江金矿的应用

【作者】 燕永锋；

【导师】 秦德先；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2000， 博士

【摘要】 本文结合云南省院省校科技合作项目“云南省黄金战略规划与增储研究”课题“墨江—元江金矿深部和外围成矿预测和验证工程设计”（项目编号：YK98008-3）的研究选题，以地质统计学这一边缘交叉学科的理论为指导，编制出适合中国国情的“矿床数学--经济模型”软件包一套。运用该软件包，建立了元江金矿的矿床模型。通过矿床建模、工业指标优化和重新计算储量，为矿山新增金储量约10吨，从而延长了矿山服务年限，为充分合理利用矿产资源，减少资源浪费和环境污染提供了科学依据。 地质统计学是近四十年来发展起来的一门新兴边缘交叉学科，具有十分广阔的发展前景。我国自1977年开始引入地质统计学，在少数大矿山进行了实践和应用，并取得了很好的效果。但是，随着计算机科学的迅猛发展，无论是对软件的用户界面还是对运行速度都提出了更高的要求。目前，我国应用的地质统计学软件包多是在80年代开发或引进的，这些在较低的计算机软、硬件平台下开发和运行的软件包与现今较高的计算机软、硬件平台愈来愈不相配，已成为地质统计学在我国推广应用的一大障碍。 本文就是针对上述地质统计学在我国的应用现状，在系统综述地质统计学理论与发展的基础上，运用地质统计学的原理和方法，以先进的Visual Basic为开发工具，编制出以Windows95（98或更高）为操作平台的“矿床数学--经济模型”软件包。新编制的软件包同国内外相应的软件包相比，具有中文界面、操作简单、易学易用和易于推广的特点，其功能覆盖了矿山地质设计的全过程。该软件包的编制，对地质统计学在我国的推广应用和指导矿山生产有着十分重要的理论及现实意义。 运用新编制的软件包，建立了元江金矿的原始资料数据库。对矿区内的5000多个Au品位化验数据进行了反复的审议，挑选出4827件样品，并改组成4853件组合样。组合样进行的统计分析表明：金品位变化系数为V_x=σ_x/x=246.8％，为品位分布极不均匀矿床。Au品位服从对数正态分布，可选择对数克立格法进行品位估值。 对元江金矿床进行的结构分析发现，元江金矿金品位分布属各向异性分布，各向异性比为：走向:倾向:厚度=4:2.3:1。 以金品位为区域化变量，建立了元江金矿床的数学模型（地形模型、岩性模型、品位模型），在品位建模的基础上，计算出在多种边界品位下的金储量和平均品位。其中在边界品位为0.5g/t时的金储量为12.508吨，在边界品位为1.0g/t时的金储量为10.261吨。 运用价格法进行了矿床经济评价，评价结果认为：在当前技术经济条件下，原生矿的最低工业品位为5.2g/t。氧化矿的最低工业品位为0.65g/t。 结合元江金矿的实际情况：坑下矿矿脉薄，采矿贫化率高，浸出率低，成本高；地表氧化矿易开采，易浸出，成本低，规模生产效益好。所以应当把地表氧化矿放在首要开采的地位。随着选冶技术的提高，成本降低，可以降低边界品位。通过矿床建模、工业指标优化和重新计算储量，为矿山增加约10吨的储量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis research item is taken from Yunnan Province and China Academy cooperative Project ?Research on gold exploiting plan and reserves increasing of Yunnan Province (Item serial Number: YK98008-3). Using geostatistics theory, a set of new deposit mathematic-eeonomical modeling software has been exploited. The software had been employed by modeling on Yuanjiang gold deposit, Optimizing the industrial targets and recalculating reserves, had increased gold reserves for about 10 tons, which prolongs, which prolongs used mineral time and provides basis for making good use of mineral resource, reducing waste and environmental pollution. Geostatistics has been a new borderline-cross subject for forty years and has a very wide developmental prospect. It has been used very well in several large mines since its introduction in 1977 in China. But the old geostatistics software, developed in the 1970’s and run on the lower platform of software and hardware, hasn’t matched current computer technology, and this makes it hard to generalize and apply geostatistics in our country. Aiming at all above problems, on the basis of summarizing systemically the theory and development of geostatistics, this software is exploited with the theory and method of geostatistics and advanced programming language-Visual Basic as developing tool. The new software can run on the Windows 95(98 or high edition) platform. And it has more advantages of Chinese-interface that can be operated and learned more easily than the old one. It functions in the whole process of mine-planning. Making software successfully is very important in the theory and practice. Through using the new software, the original database is established. Then 4827 samples are collected carefully and restructured into 4853 composed samples from 5000 testing data of gold grade in the mineral area. Statistical analyzing on the composed samples shows the gold grade is lognormal distributed, which estimates the grade with log-kriging, the variant coefficient is 246.8% and the grade distribution is nQt very even. From the structure of Yuanjiang gold deposit, it is proved that distribution of gold grade is anisotropic, the ratio of strike to dip to thickness of the deposit is 4 to 2.3 to 1.The mathematical model of Yuanjiang gold deposit is composed of surface model, rock model and grade model. It is established by taking gold grade as regionalized variables. Using the model, gold reserves and mean grades are estimated by many boundary grade. Gold reserves are 12.508 tons by the boundary grade of 0.Sglt, 10.26 1 tons by the boundary grade of 1 .OgIt. In addition, through economical evaluation of the deposit by means bf price-method, it is concluded that on the condition of economy and technology nowadays, the lowest industry grades of primary ore are 5.2g/t and that of oxidized ore is 0.65g1t.lt ls the thct that in Yuanjlang gold mine, primaly orebody occurs ln thlnl1er veln,nllnll1g has a hlgh povertillzed rate, a low llx1vlatlng rate and cost a lot, wl1lle oxldlzed ore Iseaslly exl3lolted and l1xivlated, low cost and good benefit on a large scale So exploit1ng tl1coxldlzed ore should be ln the 1irst place And wlth the lmprovement o1 t11e technology ln oredress1ng and smeltlng and the reductlon of cost, the boundary grade can be depressedThrough establis11lng depos1t modeI to optilnize industrial targets and recaIcLIlate reserves,the gold reserve’ has been increased about l0 tons更多还原