杜預《春秋經傳集解》注釋研究

【作者】 李孝倉；

【导师】 黨懷興；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 中國古典文獻學， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 本文由十章组成,按照全文的结构可分为四个部分。第一部分：引论。包括四个方面的内容：第一,研究的选题与视角。作为《春秋左传》学史上的重要文献,传统以及现代的研究并未对杜预的《春秋经传集解》做出过全面的梳理。因此,本研究是从经学、注释学的角度来实现这种研究。第研究的目标与价值。通过本文的研究,实现对杜预《春秋经传集解》经学、注释学价值的总结。第三,研究的材料与方法。主要确定本研究的材料范图与依据,并对所探取的研究方法进行论论与确立。第四,研究的历史与现状。通过对研究历史以及现状的梳理、分析、总结,寻找本研究的突破口。第二部分：杜预的《春秋左传》学背景与概况。包括两个方面的内容：一是,《春秋》经学传统与《左传》经学发生。对此,主要从三个方面进行了分析：经学与《春秋》学传统；《春秋左传》学原旨发微；《春秋左传》学的学术传统。这些研究目的在於探讨《春秋左传》学的发展轨迹,给杜预的《春秋左传》学在历史传统中定位。二是,杜预《春秋左传》学说略。对此,主要从两个方面进行了分析：魏晋《春秋左传》学大势；杜预《春秋左传》学原旨发微。这些研究主要是要发掘魏晋时期《春秋左传》学的特点,在此基础上探对杜预《春秋左传》学的特徵。第三部分：杜预《春秋经传集解》注释研究。这一部分是本研究的主体,按研究内容可以分为五个组成部分。1.校勘文字之释。杜预的《春秋左传》学实践,是依托《春秋左传》文本展开的。因此,对於文献文本进行文字校勘是传统文献注释的开端,也是杜预《春秋左传》学学术实践的基础。2.语词之释。语词之释是传统文献注释的核心内容。本文从六个方面分析论述了杜预《春秋经传集解》这方面的注释内容。通过这些分析,提出了杜预围绕文献注释所形成的“释语词基本义”、“释语词语境义”、“释语词所传意”的语词解释“三曾次说”。在此基础上,进一步分析探讨了杜预语词之释所遵循的基本原则,语词之释所使用的基本方法,并对其语词之释做出了的基本评价。3.章句之释。从文献解释的角度来说,“句子”、“篇章”是“语词”的延伸,因而也是文献注释的重要形式和内容。本文分“句子之释”、“章句之释”两个方面来进行了相应的分析研究。揭示出杜预“章句之释”的基本内涵与原则。在此基础上,进一步提出杜预在《春秋左传》的解释中所形成的“语词、句子、篇章”的“三曾次说”。同叶,在杜预的“章句”注释中,还涉及到对《春秋》经、传文本的结构之释。本文通过“无传说”、“张本说”、“终本锐”、“联本说”加以分析论证。4.语法修辞之释。如何更有效地实现对《春秋左传》文本的解释,需要连用各种解释手段。在杜预《春秋经传集解》当中体现为对《春秋左传》文本的“语法修辞之释”。本文分“实词之释”、“虚词之释”、“句法之释”、“修辞之释”四个方面进行了研究。从这类注释的内涵与功能上来锐,构成了杜预对“语祠”、“章句”解释的有效補充。5.义理之释。从根本上来说,杜预的《春秋经传集解》的“终极”目标是经学。因此,经学的“义理之释”就成为其《春秋左传》注释的另一个核心内容。本文通过对杜预《春秋经传集解》当中的《春秋》书法义例与义理之释；《左传》书法义例与义理之释；《春秋》经、传义理的满通,来展现其在《春秋左传》学研究上的基本主张。第四部分：结语。包括两个方面的内容：《春秋经传集解》的内容、方法与特征；《春秋经传集解》的总体评价。依据本文的具体研究,对杜预《春秋经传集解》在注释内容上所具有的特徵、价值进行总结,并指出其所存在的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Composed of ten chapters, this paper is divided into four parts, according to its structure.The first part is chapter1, an introduction which contains four aspects. The first aspect is about choosing the topic and perspective for the research. As an important document in the history of studying of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan, both traditional and modern studies have not yet teased it out comprehensively. Therefore, this research will be carried out from the angle of the study of Confucian classics and the study of annotation. The second aspect is about the goal and value of this research. Through this research, this paper will make a summary for the value of the study of Confucian classics and the study of the annotation for it in DuYu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals. The third aspect is about materials and methods of this research. The aim of this part is mainly to determine the scope of the research material and the reference data. It will also make an argument and establishment for the approach adopted in this research. The fourth aspect is about the history and present situation of the research. By teasing out the history and the present situation of the research, making analysis and summary of them, this paper is aimed at making a breakthrough point for this research.The second part is about the tradition of the studying Of the Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan and the studying of Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. Chapter2and chapter3are involved in this part. Chapter2is about the tradition of Confucian classics of Chun Qiu and the beginning of Confucian classics of Zuo Zhuan. These topics will mainly be analyzed in three aspects:Confucian classics and the tradition of studying Chun Qiu; the origin and the wonderful part of the studying of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan; academic tradition of the studying of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. This research is aimed at exploring the developing trajectory of the studying of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan so as to get the right position in the historic tradition for the studying of Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. Chapter3is a brief introduction to the studying of Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. Two aspects are mainly analyzed in this chapter:the main trend of the studying Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan in Wei and Jin dynasty; the origin and the wonderful part of the studying of Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhua. This research is aimed at finding out the characteristics of the studying of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan in Wei and Jin dynasty. On this basis, characteristics of the studying of Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan will also be explored.The third part is about the study of annotation of DuYu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals. As the main part of this research, this part contains six chapters, which will be divided into five constituent parts according to its contents.Chapter4is about the explanation of emendation words. The practice of studying Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan is based on the version of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. Therefore words emendation for the document is the beginning of the explanation of traditional documents. It is also the basis of academic practice of the studying Du Yu’s Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan.Chapter5and6is about explanations of words. Explanations of words are the core contents of annotation to traditional documents. This paper analyzes the explanations of words in DuYu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals in six aspects. With these analysis, this paper puts forwards the "three levels" theory for words explanation, which Du Yu based on the annotation to documents. Namely, they are the "the basic meanings of explaining words","the situations of explaining words", and "the meanings that explaining words express". On this basis, a further analysis will be made to explore the basic principles and methods that Du Yu followed to make explanations of words. A basic evaluation for Du Yu’s "explanations of words" will also be made.Chapter7is about the explanation for the annotation based on sentences. From the angle of document explanation,"sentence" and "discourse" are the further development of explanations of words. Therefore they are also the important forms and contents of document explanation. This paper will do some related analysis and research based on the "explanation of sentences"and "the explanation for the annotation based on sentences" then find out the basic connotations and principles. On this basis, this paper puts forward Du Yu’s "three levels"-"words, sentences and discourses" formed when Du Yu explained Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. At the same time, In Du Yu’s explanation of annotation based on sentences, explanations to the structures of the texts of Confucian classics and commentaries on them in Chun Qiu will be involved. This paper will make analyses and demonstrations for these with the help of "Wu Zhuan theory","Zhang Ben theory","Zhong Ben theory" and "Lian Ben theory". Chapter8is about the explanation to the rhetorical devices. It needs different kinds of explanation means to explain the text of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan effectively. In Du Yu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals, explanation to the rhetorical devices can be seen in text of Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. This paper will research the "explanation of notional words","explanation of function words","explanation of syntax" and "explanation of rhetorical devices". From the connotation and function of such annotation, this part of research will form an effective supplement to Du Yu’s explanation to "words" and "annotation based on sentences".Chapter9is about the explanation of semantic principles. Fundamentally, for Du Yu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals, the ultimate goal is Confucian classics. Therefore, the explanation of semantic principles of Classics and Elucidation becomes another core content of the annotation to Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. Through the calligraphy righteousness and the explanation of semantic principles of Chun Qiu in Du Yu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals, the calligraphy of righteousness and the explanation of semantic principles in Zuo Zhuan as well as the semantic principles communication between "Confucian classics "and "commentaries on them" in Chun Qiu, this paper presents its basic propositions in the research of the studying Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan.The fourth part is chapter10, in which a summary will be made. This part will discuss the contents, methods and characteristics of Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals as well as an overall evaluation for it. With a specific research, this paper will make a summary for the characteristics and the value of DuYu’s Annotation of Classics and Elucidation in Spring and Autumn Annals in explanation aspect. It also points out some problems that are still not solved.更多还原