【作者】 王永亮；

【导师】 张星臣；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 列车交路计划作为城市轨道交通系统运输计划的重要组成部分,对其进行研究,不仅能够优化列车运力资源配置,而且可以提高城市轨道交通的服务水平。目前,我国城市轨道交通列车交路计划编制大多依靠规划、工程以及运营人员的经验判断,缺乏一定的理论基础；以线路编制为主,网络编制研究成果相对较少；列车交路计划抗干扰能力研究还处于探索阶段。因此,本文将探讨列车交路计划编制方法及其运营抗毁性,主要工作及研究结论包括：(1)系统分析了城市轨道交通列车交路计划影响因素。从客流空间分布特征、客流时间分布特征、乘客出行需求、行车条件、运力资源角度分析了列车交路计划的影响因素,构建了列车交路计划的编制框架,为城市轨道交通列车交路计划的编制提供思路。(2)针对车站所有上(下)行列车共用同一站台的城市轨道交通直线型线路,利用趋势分析法得出了单一交路、两种交路运营下站台最高聚集人数和列车载客量的计算公式。通过分析任一时间单元站台各类乘客的活动时间及其人数变化趋势,得出各类站台最高聚集人数和列车载客量的计算框架,落实计算框架后,即可得到计算公式,为站台最高容客率和列车满载率的计算提供依据。(3)针对车站所有上(下)行列车共用同一站台的城市轨道交通直线型线路,在最多存在两种交路运营下,提出了列车交路计划与时刻表的组合编制方法。基于列车交路计划的影响因素,充分考虑到乘客和运营单位的利益,构建了组合编制模型,设计了隐枚举分析法求解,采用算例验证了模型和算法是可行有效的。算例表明,本文组合编制方法能够较大幅度减少总成本：最优解相对7-19号(对应单一交路)可行解,总成本最少减少6.67%、最多减少25.77%；最优解相对21-47号(对应嵌套交路)可行解,总成本最少减少1.94%、最多减少14.05%。上述组合编制方法也能够为其他线型(Y型或环型)线路列车交路计划与时刻表组合编制方法的研究提供一定借鉴。(4)针对非连通型城市轨道交通网络,提出了列车交路计划编制方法。基于列车交路计划的影响因素,从运营网络系统最优的角度出发,建立了编制网络列车交路计划的双层规划模型,设计了遗传模拟退火求解算法,采用算例验证了模型和算法是可行有效的。算例表明,本文编制方法能够较大幅度减少综合费用：最优解相比单一交路下最差可行解,综合费用减少8.44%。上述编制方法也能够为连通型城市轨道交通网络列车交路计划编制方法的研究提供一定借鉴。(5)研究了城市轨道交通列车交路计划运营抗毁性。考虑任一车站或区间及其波及范围退出运营条件下,应用随机用户平衡理论,从客流量、时间以及客流出行总时间角度,提出了9个指标定量分析列车交路计划运营抗毁性,采用算例验证了列车交路计划运营抗毁性研究是可行有效的。算例表明,与区间退出运营相比,车站退出运营的网络列车交路计划运营抗毁性指标值跨度更大(车站为0.8141,区间为0.4563)。上述研究能够为列车交路计划抗干扰能力研究提供理论依据。图50幅,表33个,参考文献148篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research on train routing scheme as transport plan of urban rail transit system, could optimize resource allocation and improve level of service of urban rail transit. Current train routing scheme compilation of urban rail transit in China mainly relies on experience of planning workers, engineering workers and operation workers, and lacks relevant theoretical foundation; train routing scheme compilation of line is commoner than one of network; research on anti-interference ability of train routing scheme is still exploration stage. So this paper mainly includes the following five parts:(1) Train routing scheme influencing factors of urban rail transit is systematically analyzed. Influencing factors of train routing scheme from the perspective of flow spatial distribution characteristics, flow temporal distribution characteristics, passenger trip demand, running condition and resource are analyzed. Compilation frame of train routing scheme is proposed and provides research ideas of urban rail transit train routing scheme compilation.(2) Calculation equations of maximum assembling passenger on platform and train passenger loads under single routing and two routings are given, for urban rail transit straight line its up or down trains using the same platform for each station. After analyzing activity time and change trend of passenger flow for time element, calculation frame of maximum assembling on platform and train passenger loads are concluded, and calculation equations attained by executing calculation frame provide foundation for maximum assembling ratios on platform and train passenger loads ratios.(3) Combinatorial compilation method of train routing scheme and timetable under single routing and two routings is proposed, for urban rail transit straight line its up or down trains using the same platform for each station. Based on train routing scheme influencing factors and benefit of passenger and operation unit, combinatorial compilation model is proposed and implicit enumeration analysis algorithm is designed.The numerical example indicates that the model and the algorithm is feasible and effective, and the combinatorial compilation method could decrease total cost significantly:one of optimal solution respect to7-19feasible solutions decreasing least by6.67%and most by25.77%, one of optimal solution respect to21-47feasible solutions decreasing least by1.94%and most by14.05%. The combinatorial compilation method could also afford combinatorial compilation method of train routing scheme and timetable for Y type or ring type line some lessons.(4) Compilation method of train routing scheme for disconnected urban rail transit network is proposed. Based on train routing scheme influencing factors and operation network system optimization, the bilevel programming model to compile network train routing scheme is proposed and genetic simulated annealing algorithm is designed.The numerical example indicates that the model and the algorithm is feasible and effective, and the compilation method could decrease total cost significantly:one of optimal solution respect to worst feasible solution being single routings decreasing by8.44%. The compilation method could also afford compilation method of train routing scheme for connected urban rail transit network some lessons.(5) Train routing scheme operation invulnerability of urban rail transit is discussed. Under the assumption of child network without some a station or route and its affect range, nine indices of urban rail transit are proposed by stochastic user equilibrium theory, to quantitatively analyze train routing scheme operation invulnerability from the perspective of passenger flow, time and all the time of passenger flow. The numerical example indicates that the train routing scheme operation invulnerability research is feasible and effective, and network train routing scheme operation invulnerability indice value range of losting station is much greater than one of losting route. Train routing scheme operation invulnerability of urban rail transit could provide theory foundation for anti-interference ability of train routing scheme.更多还原