【作者】 高亚楠；

【导师】 吴长安；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 本文我们以来源于动词的量词即动态量词为考察对象，综合运用语言学中的语法化理论、语言库藏类型学理论、意象图式与凸显理论、构式语法理论和话题和焦点理论对动态量词及其动态量构式进行系统而深入的分析，揭示动态量词及其量构式的语法特点、语义功能和产生、形成的机制和原因，并力图将这些本体的研究成果应用到汉语作为第二语言教学中，以提高量词的教学效率。全文共分七大部分：第一章为绪论部分，介绍了本文的选题背景、研究现状、研究方法和语料来源。第二章为动态量词的概貌研究。首先对动态量词进行界定，根据形式和意义相结合的原则确定动态量词的范围；然后采用多角度、多标准相结合的分类方式把动态量词划分为两个大类和六个小类，构拟出动态量词系统的层级；最后描写动态量词的语法特点和功能。第三章为动态量词的演变与发展研究。从历时的角度构拟出动态量词的语法化轨迹；从认知转喻、句法上的重新分析、语义上的扩展和量词系统内部调节四个维度考察动态量词产生和发展的机制，并从语言表达、语言类型和词类显赫三个层面分析动态量词语法化的动因。我们的研究并不止步于动态量词的历时演变过程，还着眼于动态量词范畴属性的动态性，探求动态量词进一步非范畴化的表现形式和动因。第四章为跨类动态量词的专题研究。首先论述跨类量词的表现形式；然后分析跨类量词的历史形成过程和原因；最后探讨名、动量跨类量词的扭结情况，并提出我们的解决办法。第五章为动态量构式研究。把其划分为动态名量构式和动态动量构式两类来进行讨论。首先从使用频率、自足程度、扩展能力、语义功能、注意焦点和语体风格六大方面考察“数量名”和“名数量”这两个动态名量构式的不平衡性的表现并分析造成其发展不平衡的原因；然后从地位和功能两个层面考察动量前置和后置构式不对称性的表现形式，并力图把历时的、共时的和跨语言的研究结合起来揭示这两种动量构式不对称性的原因；最后考察两个及以上量构式组配而成的量关系构式的生成机制，并给予认知上的阐释。第六章为动态量词的应用研究。把动态量词的本体研究成果应用到汉语作为第二语言的教学实践中。针对动态量词的语法特点，提出了一些切实有效的教学方法和技巧，以期更好的指导动态量词的教学，进而提高整个汉语作为第二语言量词教学的效率。第七章为文章的结语部分，归纳和总结本文的基本观点、创新之处和不足之处。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis,based on research to dynamic classifiers, that means classifiersderiving from verbs,with the integrated use of linguistic theories such asgrammaticalization,linguistic inventory typology, image schema and profile,topicand focus,and construction grammar, makes an systematical and in-depth analysis todynamic classifiers and their constructions. This article reveals grammar features,functions and forming and operating mechanisms of dynamic classifiers and theirconstructions, and commits to applying research result of these noumeno intoteaching Chinese as a second language to improve the efficiency of teachingclassifiers. The article is divided into seven parts:Chapter I is the introduction,describing the background, research status,research methods and corpus sources.Chapter II is an overview study of dynamic classifiers. Firstly, the articledefines the dynamic classifiers to determine the range according to the principles ofcombining forms and meanings; then divides the dynamic classifiers into twocategories and six subcategories with multi-perspectives and multi-standards tostructure the levels of dynamic classifiers; finally describes the grammaticalfeatures and functions of dynamic classifiers.Chapter III is the study of the evolution and development of the dynamicclassifiers.We constructs dynamic classifiers’evolutionary trajectory as examples of"b ǎ ","bāo"and"gu ò " from diachronic perspectives; and investigate thegrammaticalization mechanisms of dynamic classifiers from cognitive metonymy,syntactic re-analysis, semantic expansion and the internal regulation of quantifierssystem.We analyse the grammaticalization motivation of dynamic classifiers fromthe language expression, language type and expansive power of mighty wordcategories. Our study is not limited to the diachronic development of dynamicclassifiers,besides that it focuses on dynamic classifiers categorys’ dynamiccharacteristic to explore the manifestation and reason of verbal classifierde-categorization.Chapter IV focuses on the studies of cross-class quantifiers in the dynamicquantifiers system. Firstly,it discusses the manifestations of cross-class quantifiers;then analyzes the history and reason of the formation of cross-class quantifiers;Finally, it discusses the kink of nominal and dynamic cross-class quantifiers.Chapter V discusses some problems about dynamic classifier constructions.Dynamic classifier constructions can be divied into two categories: noun classifierconstructions and action classifier constructions. Firstly,we investigate unbalanceperformance and reason of "numeral+dynamic classifier+noun"and"noun+numeral+dynamic classifier "constructions from six aspects including usage frequency, degree of self-sufficiency, expansion ability, semantic function, and focusof attention. Then we analyse the asymmetry of "numeral+dynamic classifier+verb"and "verb+numeral+dynamic classifier" constructions from position and functionaspects.We endeavour to expose the real cause of these two constructions’asymmetry by combining the diachronic, synchronic and cross linguistic researchtogether. Finally, we discuss the generative mechanism and cognitive motivation ofquantity relationship construction about dynamic classifiers.Chapter VI,our research results about noumena of dynamic quantifiers areapplied to teaching Chinese as a second language. For grammatical features ofdynamic quantifiers, it proposes some effective teaching methods and skills in orderto provide better guidance on dynamic quantifiers teaching, thus improving theefficiency of quantifiers teaching in teaching Chinese as a second language.Chapter VII is the conclusion of the article. It summarizes the principal views,innovations, and shortcomings of this article.更多还原