【作者】 韦有日；

【导师】 林木西；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 国民经济学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 第二次世界大战后，针对市场失灵，政府开始运用宏观调控手段，主动干预经济社会生活，政府的绩效问题摆在了各国政府面前。在我国，中共十八届三中全会关于“完善发展成果考核评价体系”的决定，更对提高地方政府绩效提出了明确的要求。在这种情况下，为了提高资金使用效益、强化经济责任，地方政府绩效问题应运而生。同时，随着社会的发展，公众的民主政治意识越来越强，也使得地方政府主动关注自身绩效，以便优化政府职能，强化政府责任。伴随着地方政府绩效评估实践的开展，西方国家的学者们也开始了对地方政府绩效的研究，地方政府绩效的研究在西方国家取得了重大的进展，对地方政府绩效实践的开展起到了重要的推动作用。与国外开展的轰轰烈烈的地方政府绩效实践相比，我国的地方政府绩效实践仍处于起步阶段，但中国很多地方政府在绩效管理方面已进行了许多有益的探索，也取得了一定的成效。如青岛市、沈阳市、上海市杨浦区、江苏省南通市、河南省洛阳市等地方政府顺应形势发展需要，创新方式，针对自身特点，开展了多种形式的地方政府绩效管理工作，形成了各具特色的地方政府绩效管理实践，推动了地方政府绩效实践在中国的开展，探索出了一些行之有效的做法与经验。本文在对地方政府绩效相关理论阐释的基础上，根据2013年11月12日中国共产党第十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》精神及2013年12月6日中共中央组织部发出的《关于改进地方党政领导班子和领导干部政绩考核工作的通知》精神，设计了本文拟采用的中国地方政府绩效的指标体系，并利用因子分析法在损失较少数据信息的基础上把多个指标转化为几个有代表意义的综合指标，然后利用DEA模型，针对中国统计年鉴提供的2012年度全国31个省（区、市）的统计数据，通过数据处理、因子载荷矩阵得出因子分析的得分。接着将全国31个省（区、市）视为31个决策单元，选择产出导向、规模报酬可变的DEA模型测算地方政府工作绩效，得到全国31个省（区、市）的政府工作综合效率、工作技术效率、工作规模效率、工作规模报酬状况、工作投入松弛变量。最后对31个省（区、市）政府投入产出的相对有效性进行分析。接下来，针对DEA的实证分析，本文探讨了中国地方政府绩效存在的问题。并在此基础上，分析了存在此类问题的原因，主要体现在地方政府绩效立法、绩效管理、财政政策、评估结果利用等四个方面。最后，在借鉴英国、美国和日本等发达国家在提升地方政府绩效方面的主要经验和做法的基础上，提出了相应的提升中国地方政府绩效的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 After World WarⅡ, the governments made use of macro-control to intervene theeconomic and social life actively based on the market failure.So the performance wasplaced in front of the governments.In China, the decision on improving the evaluationsystem adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the18th CPC Central Committee putforward a clear demand to improve the performance of the local government.In this case,the local government performance emerged as the times required in order to improve theefficiency of the financial funds and strengthen the economic responsibility. At the sametime, the local government initiatived to evaluate its performance in order to optimize thegovernment function and strengthen the government responsibility with the developmentof the society and the growth of the democratic consciousness. The scholars of thewestern countries had also begun to study the government performance with the practicesof the local government performance.The studies on the local government performancemade a significant progress in the western countries and the development of the localgovernment performance practices played an important role in the studies.Compared with the vigour and vitality of the foreign government performanceassessment, China’s local government performance practice is still in its infancy.Butmany local governments had carried on many beneficial explorations and hadachieved certain results. Such as Qingdao Municipality, Shenyang Municipality, YangpuDistrict of Shanghai Municipality, Nantong Municipality in Jiangsu Province,Luoyang Municipality in Henan Province and many other local governments. Conformedto the development of the situation, they innovatived many ways to carry out the localgovernment performance management works in various forms according to their owncharacteristics. The practices of the local government performance management formedmany characteristics to promote the local government performance practices in China.Such developments had explored many effective methods and experiences.In this paper, we designs the index system of local government performance inChina used in this paper according to" the certain major issue decision of the CPCCentral Committee on deepening reform" spirit adopted at the Third Plenary Session ofthe18th CPC Central Committee in November12,2013and "the Notice on the improvement of the local party and government leading bodies and leading cadresperformance appraisal works" by the Organization Department of the CPC CentralCommittee in December6,2013.By using the factor analysis method,we transform thevarious indicators into several comprehensive indexes of representative significancebased on the less loss of information.Then we calculate the factor analysis of the scoresthrough the data processing and the factor loading matrix.Then we use DEA model andstatistical data of2012annual national31provinces and autonomous regions andmunicipalities directly provided by the Chinese Statistical Yearbook.Then we selectthe output oriented variable returns to scale DEA model to measure the governmentperformances of the31provinces and autonomous regions and municipalities byregarding the country’s31provinces and autonomous regions and municipalities as31decision units.Then we calculate the omprehensive efficiency value and thetechnical efficiency and the work efficiency of scale and the work condition of returns toscale and the job input variables.Finally, we analyze the relative effectiveness of theoutput of the31provincial government investment.Next, this paper discusses the problems in the local government performance inChina based on the empirical research of DEA. This paper disscuses the resons on thisbasis. They mainly reflect in four aspects. Such as the legislations for thelocal government performance, the performance managements, the fiscal policies andthe uses of the evaluation results.Finally,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestionsto improve the Chinese local government performance in reference to the mainexperiences and practices of the government performance in Britain, America and Japanand other developed countries.更多还原