【作者】 侯晓娜；

【导师】 穆怀中；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 农民工为中国经济和社会的发展做出了卓越的历史性贡献，农民工问题是具有中国特色的问题，是事关我国经济发展、城市化顺利推进的大问题。而随着时间的推移，农民工群体的结构已经开始发生变化，并且在自身特点等方面出现了代际差异。二代（新生代）农民工已经成为农民工的主体力量。在社会人口老龄化趋势下，人口红利逐渐减少，农民工尤其是二代（新生代）农民工人力资本水平的提升是促进我国由人口大国向人力资源大国，由人口优势向人力资源优势转变的重要因素，同时对城市化的推进以及城市化水平和质量的提升具有重要的现实意义，对经济的发展、社会的和谐稳定也具有鲜明的时代意义。本文在人力资本理论框架的基础上，提出了农民工人力资本水平的理论观点、选取了衡量农民工人力资本水平的指标体系，并构建了农民工人力资本水平的测算模型。通过对沈阳、本溪、上海和深圳四地问卷调查的数据进行测算，得出农民工人力资本水平的具体数值，包括一代和二代（新生代）农民工的人力资本水平以及代际间的差异等结果。依据人力资本的相关理论及人力资本水平的代际差异，研究了农民工人力资本的代际转移机理，包括转移条件、影响因素及转移机制问题。通过对人力资本水平的提升和代际转移的效应分析，论证了农民工人力资本水平的提升是提高城市化质量的关键所在，并且得出了二代（新生代）农民工是城市化进程主要对象的结论，同时为农民工人力资本水平的提升提出了可行性的政策建议。全文一共分为7章，以下是本文的研究层次：第1章是绪论，主要内容为选题的背景和研究意义，同时对国内外的研究现状进行了梳理，并做出了简要述评，本章还介绍了研究方法和基本思路，同时对本文的创新和不足做出了归纳。第2章是对本文的相关概念及基本理论进行归纳和总结，重点探讨人力资本理论基础，包括舒尔茨人力资本理论、贝克尔人力资本理论、罗默卢卡斯人力资本理论和人力资本代际转移理论。这些理论中的元素和原理相互关联，逐步递进，共同构成了测算农民工人力资本水平、分析代际转移机制以及代际转移的条件、影响因素及其效应的理论框架。第3章是农民工个体特征与人力资本的代际差异分析。农民工个体特征的代际差异包括自身特点、外出动机、消费观念、维权意识、精神追求以及其他方面的代际差异。农民工人力资本的代际差异包括教育资本、技能资本和健康资本的代际差异。本章中大部分分析基于问卷调查的数据，借助spss统计分析软件整理得出两代农民工个体特征及人力资本的代际差异。第4章是对农民工人力资本水平进行测算。首先探讨衡量农民工人力资本水平的指标体系以及模型的构建，其次进行农民工人力资本水平的测算，最后对数据进行处理、统计，对代际间、性别间、农民工与非农民工间等相关差异进行系统分析。第5章是农民工人力资本代际转移机理及实证分析。首先对农民工人力资本代际转移的条件及影响因素进行分析，再对农民工人力资本代际转移的机制进行分析，最后对农民工人力资本代际转移进行实证分析，并以此分析和判断农民工人力资本是如何进行代际转移的。第6章是农民工人力资本水平提升及其代际转移的效应分析。重点探讨乡城迁移效应、劳动就业效应、资本积累效应以及认知更新效应。通过对效应的分析，了解农民工人力资本水平的提升及其代际转移对经济、社会以及农民工自身有何促进作用。第7章是关于农民工人力资本水平以及代际转移的研究结论，以及在总结全文研究结论的基础上，提出农民工人力资本水平提升的路径策略及促进人力资本代际的正向转移的政策方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Migrant workers have made great historic contribution to the economic and socialdevelopment of the China.The issue of migrant workers is a Chinese characteristics ofthe problem, is a big problem concerning China’s economic development andurbanization.With the passage of time, the structure of migrant workers has begun tochange, and in its own characteristics, the generational differences appear.The twogeneration of migrant workers (the new generation) has become the main force ofmigrant workers.In the social trend of ageing of the population, the demographicdividend gradually reduce, especially in the second generation of migrant workers (thenew generation),Migrant Workers raise the level of human capital is an important factorof to promote the change the populous to human resources and population advantage intothe advantages.At the same time,it is an important practical significance to promote theprocess of urbanization and the level and quality ascension of urbanization.It is also thebright times significance to the harmonious and stable development of the economy.Based on the theoretical framework of human capital,this paper put forward thetheory of human capital level of migrant workers, selected the index system of humancapital level of migrant workers, and constructed the measurement model of humancapital level of migrant workers.On the basis of investigation of the four questionnairesurvey data in Shenyang, Benxi,Shanghai and Shenzhen obtained the level of humancapital of migrant workers, including the first generation and the second generation ofmigrant workers (the new generation) level of human capital and intergenerationaldifference results.On the basis of generational differences in the level of human capitaland human capital theory, studied the generation migrant workers human capital transfermechanism, including the transfer condition and the influence factors.Analysis of theeffect of the level of human capital and intergenerational transfer, the level of migrantworkers the promotion of human capital is the key to improve the quality ofurbanization,and came to conclusion that the second generation of migrant workers (thenew generation) are the main objects of city development.At the same time, this paperput forward feasible policy suggestions of promoting the level of human capital of migrant workers.The full text is divided into7chapters, the following is the research level in thisarticle：Chapter1is the introduction, the main contents of the research background andsignificance, and research status of domestic and abroad are summarized, and made abrief review, this chapter also introduces the research methods and basic ideas, andinnovation and shortcomings of this paper gives a summary.Chapter2is the study’s of theoretical basis, focusing on the theoretical basis ofHuman capital theory of Schultz, Becker, Romer, Lucas and Human capital theory ofintergenerational transfer.These theories are interrelated and gradually progressive, whichtogether constitute the basic theoretical framework of the level of human capital ofmigrant workers, intergenerational transfer and intergenerational transfer conditions,influence factors and its effect.Chapter3is the study’s of generational differences in individual characteristics andthe characteristics of the human capital of migrant workers.Generational differences inindividual characteristics of migrant workers include generational differences incharacteristics, motivation, consumption ideas, consciousness, spiritual pursuit and otheraspects.Generational differences in migrant workers human capital characteristicsinclude generational differences in education, skills and health dimension. In this chapter,most analysis based on the survey data, using SPSS statistical analysis software to sortout the generational differences in individual characteristics and human capital of twogenerations of migrant workers.Chapter4is to estimate the level of human capital of migrant workers.The firststudy is to construct the index system of human capital level of migrant workers as wellas the model, then evaluated the level of human capital of migrant workers, based onprocessing, statistical data analysis, related differences in intergenerational, gender etc..Chapter5is the analysis of the mechanism and the an empirical study ofintergenerational transfer of migrant workers.Firstly, analyzed the conditions andinfluencing factors of human capital intergenerational transfer of migrant workers, thenanalyzed human capital generation migrant workers transfer mechanism, the finalanalysis is the human capital of intergenerational transfer of migrant workers and judged the human capital of migrant workers is how intergenerational transfer.Chapter6is the research on effects of migrant workers human capital level andintergenerational transfer, focusing on urban and rural migration effect, employmenteffect, capital accumulation and cognitive update effect.Through the analysis of the effect,understood that the level of migrant workers the promotion of human capital andintergenerational transfer itself have any effect on economic, social and migrant workers.Chapter7is about the level of human capital of migrant workers and theintergenerational transfer.On the basis of the conclusion, summarized the full textresearch, and put forward transfer path strategy of to enhance the level of migrantworkers human capital.更多还原