【作者】 吕鹏飞；

【导师】 郭德勇；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 安全技术及工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 针对高瓦斯低透气煤层较难抽采的现状,采用深孔聚能爆破增透技术,使煤层爆破裂隙发育提高透气性,论文对聚能爆破煤体增透及裂隙生成机理进行了系统研究。首先,在实验室进行了聚能爆破试验区煤岩分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验,对比研究动静载荷作用下煤岩破坏特性、应力应变本构关系,提出了包含低-中-高应变率响应的粘弹性损伤本构模型。设计了聚能爆破方案并进行现场试验,通过考察煤体致裂增透效果优化了钻孔及爆破参数。此外,以爆炸力学和断裂力学理论为基础,建立聚能爆破煤体裂隙扩展模型,针对爆炸载荷不同作用阶段研究爆破裂隙扩展方向,考虑聚能装药特点得到煤体裂隙范围计算公式。最后利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立数值模型,模拟聚能爆破煤体致裂过程,探讨裂隙扩展机理并对聚能爆破煤体裂隙范围进行划分。通过实验室实验、现场试验、理论分析、数值模拟等手段进行研究,完善了聚能爆破煤体致裂理论,为指导聚能爆破瓦斯抽放提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the status that it is difficult for drainage in high gas content coal seam with low permeability, deep-hole cumulative blasting technology was applied to improve permeability by increasing coal seam blasting crack, coal body permeability increase and crack generation mechanism under cumulative blasting was systematically researched. Firstly, cumulative blasting experimental site coal and rock SHPB test was carried out in laboratory. Coal and rock damage characteristics and stress-strain constitutive relation under static and dynamic load were comparatively studied. Viscoelastic damage constitutive model containing low-medium-high strain rate response was proposed. Cumulative blasting scheme was designed and field test was carried out. Borehole and blasting parameters were optimized by inspecting split and permeability increasing effect. Furthermore, based on explosive mechanics and fracture mechanics theories, coal body crack extension model of cumulative blasting was built. Aiming at different phase of explosive load, blasting crack extension direction was researched, coal body crack range computational formula was got considering cumulative charge characteristics. Finally, ANSYS/LS-DYNA was applied to built numerical model, simulate coal body splitting process under cumulative blasting, investigate crack propagating mechanism and divide coal body crack range under cumulative blasting. Through the laboratory experiment, field test, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, coal body splitting theory under cumulative blasting was improved, which provides the basis for cumulative blasting gas drainage.更多还原