【作者】 肖永青；

【导师】 王稼琼；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 产业经济学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 从上世纪80年代末以来,经济学家们对把经济学分割为微观和宏观两部分提出了质疑,其中最广为诟病的是对宏观经济现象的研究缺乏严谨的微观经济基础分析。在本文中,笔者以诺贝尔经济学奖得主加里·贝克尔(Gary S.Becker)所提出的家庭生产函数为(the Household Production Function)为理论依据,对经济增长和产业发展的微观基础进行了经济解释和经验检验。对于加里·贝克尔的学术贡献,现有研究大都强调的是其因“将微观经济分析方法拓展到更为广阔的人类行为及其交互作用研究中去”,而获得1992年度诺贝尔经济学奖,但对为什么是贝克尔而不是其他的学者能够成功地创建“经济学帝国主义”则甚少关注。而笔者通过对贝克尔及其合作者近半个世纪以来的主要文献进行梳理后发现：贝克尔的学术成就大都可以视为是其所提出的家庭生产函数的具体应用,而基本物品(basic commodity)和充分收入(full income)这两个使得家庭生产函数有别于传统消费者选择理论的关键词,则贯穿于贝克尔在诸多领域内所开展学术研究中。斯蒂格勒和贝克尔甚至宣称：利用家庭生产函数进行经济分析的最大优点在于,一切行为变化均可通过价格和收入的变化来加以解释。因此,从这个意义上来讲,片面强调贝克尔在拓展经济学研究范围方面的贡献,而忽略了家庭生产函数在传统经济学领域的应用,无疑是有失偏颇的。为了将家庭生产函数拓展到对经济增长和产业分析中去,笔者进一步为家庭生产函数和传统消费者选择理论,构建了统一的坐标分析系统。该坐标系统不仅直观地显示了家庭生产函数对传统消费者选择理论的包容与改进之处,而且也从理论上清晰地揭示了家庭生产函数可以方便地推广到分工经济系统的分析中去。目前对家庭生产函数的经济含义进行直接经验检验的理论和现实困难,一方面在于贝克尔及其合作者并未提供任何明确的基本物品分类标准,另一方面也在于现阶段世界各国在时间配置方面的统计资料普遍缺失。有鉴于此,笔者(1)依据所构建的坐标分析系统,提供了一种间接检验家庭生产函数经济含义的基本思路；(2)通过对收入水平与劳动时间关系以及对收入水平和资本收益率与储蓄率关系的经验检验说明：家庭生产函数可以较好地解释我国的经济增长模式；(3)以我国煤运电产业为例,一方面结合我国的国家发展战略变化情况,提供了一个对基本物品的定性分类标准,并据此对建国以来我国煤运电产业的发展情况进行了经济解释；另一方面应用家庭生产函数所提供的成本分类标准,对我国煤运电产业规制效率进行的经验检验。更多还原

【Abstract】 The division of microeconomics and macroeconomics has been questioned by many economists since the end of the1980s, among which what is widely criticized is the lacking of micro analysis to the macro phenomena. In the dissertation, the Household Production Function (HPF), which is offered by Gary S. Becker, the1992Nobel Prize winner in Economic Sciences, is taken as the theoretical basis of economic explaination and empirical test to the micro-foundation of economic growth and industy analysis.The current literatures lay emphasis of Gary S. Becker’s academic achievements on having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behavior and interaction, including non-market behavior. But after a thorough review of the works of Becker’s and his main cooperators’ in the last half of century, it can be proven that most of Becker’s academic achievements can be attributed to the application of the Household Production Function(HPF) which was put forward in his original paper Theory of the Allocation of Time in1965, with the fact that basic commodity and full income, the two key words that make the HPF different to the traditional theory of Consumers behaviors, can be found in most of their works. Stigler and Becker even claim that the great advantage of relying only on changes in the arguments entering household production functions is that all changes in behavior are explained by changes in prices and incomes, precisely the variables that organize and give power to economic ananlysis. Therefore, it is partial clearly only to emphesize Becker’s contribution of expending the boundary of economic approach, but to ignore the application of HPF, the general theoretical basis of Becker’s works, in the traditional field of economics,In order to explore the HPF into the economic growth study and industrial analysis, a unified two-dimensional coordinate system is built in the dissertation to show both the containment and the improvements of the HPF to the traditional theory of consumer behavior, and some theoretical discussion to the coordinate system reveals that the HPF can be applied to the industry analysis in the perspective of division of labour.At the time being, what impedes the furthermore empirical test to the economic implication of the HPF is that statistic data in time allocation is lack in nearly all the contries, apart from that Becker and his cooperators did not offered any specific classification of the basic commodity. Therefore, in the dissertation,(1) a basic idea of indirectly positive analysis of HPF is constructed which is built on the theoretical discussion in unified coordinate system;(2) according to the empirical tests both to the relationship between income and working time and to the relationship between income, marginal product of capital and saving rate, it is shown that HPF can offer a sound explanation the economic growth mode;(3) chain of coal-transportation-electric industry in china being taken as the case, the economic explination to the development of such industries is conducted with the help of a classification standard of the basic commodity, which is combined with the transfer of the Chinese development strategy in the last60years, and according to cost classification standard offered by HPF the difference of factor-outcome ratio between industries under the different condition of regulation is tested.更多还原