【作者】 范其伟；

【导师】 权锡鉴；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 职业教育作为现代国民教育体系的重要组成部分，在我国实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略中具有特殊的重要地位，承担着为社会培养大批能够适应经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整要求的技能型、应用型人才的重任。城市化进程要求提高转移人口的素质和职业技能，同时，伴随经济结构调整、产业结构升级，就业结构的改变也对职业教育提出了越来越高的要求。然而，我国多年来一直重视学术型人才却忽视技术与技能型人才的培养，职业教育的相关理论十分匮乏，致使职业教育实践缺少有效的理论指导，这必然带来职业教育的诸多问题，如职业教育的发展理念与人才培养模式落后、职业教育的层次结构不合理、职业教育的基本制度不健全以及职业教育国际化程度不高等，这已严重制约我国的城市化进程和经济结构的调整。如何构建科学合理的现代职业教育体系以适应城市化进程的需求正是理论界所急需解决的问题。基于此，本文通过对城市化进程中职业教育发展的研究，丰富和完善我国的职业教育体系，为我国职业教育的实践提供理论支撑。本文在研究设计方面，融合城市化理论与区域经济发展理论、人力资本理论与职业教育发展理论、多元智能理论与现代就业理论，采取规范与实证相结合、定性与定量相结合，辅之以文献研究、比较研究的方法，探讨城市化进程中的职业教育发展问题。本文的思路是在分析城市化与职业教育互动关系的基础上，厘清我国城市化进程中职业教育发展存在的主要问题及其原因，提出现代职业教育体系的发展目标，完善我国现代职业教育体系。根据研究设计，论文以职业教育发展目标为起点，基于相关理论和实际环境因素，从职业教育发展理念、职业教育制度、职业教育结构以及职业教育与外部环境的有效衔接四个方面进行研究和论述。其一，职业教育发展理念设计。基于以人为本的教育理念、终身教育理念、创业教育的理念，论证我国职业教育发展的目标是形成适应经济发展方式转变和产业结构调整要求、体现终身教育理念、中等和高等职业教育协调发展的现代职业教育体系。并进一步论证职业教育的发展定位，即，现代职业教育体系是加快转变经济发展方式、构建现代产业发展新体系的战略选择，是调整教育结构、实现教育科学发展的战略切入点，是建立国家技术技能积累制度、提高实体经济竞争力的战略基石，保障和改善民生、持续扩大中等收入群体的战略途径，是实现技术技能人才全面发展、让每个孩子都成为有用之才的战略举措。其二，职业教育体系制度设计。职业教育管理体制方面，提出建立政府主导、行业指导、企业参与的办学制度，建立以校企合作为基础的现代职业院校制度，建立产业技术技能校企共享积累制度，建立职业教育区域合作制度，建立职业教育社区服务制度；投资体制方面，提出建立以公共财政为主、多元化的职业教育投资体制；人才培养体系方面，提出建立“校企合作、工学结合”新型人才培养制度体系；法律制度体系方面，有针对性地提出如何进一步完善我国的现有的职业教育法律法规。其三，职业教育体系结构设计。职业教育类型结构方面，提出要建立学历教育与培训教育互相衔接、互为补充的现代职业教育类型结构；职业教育专业结构方面，提出专业设置要具有前瞻性、适应性和专业特色，构建合理的专业结构；职业教育区域结构方面，构建与区域内产业构成、生源结构及经济发展水平相适应的职业教育区域结构；职业教育层次结构方面，构建了包括中等职业教育、专科层次高等职业教育、本科层次高等职业教育、硕士研究生层次高等职业教育和博士研究生层次高等职业教育在内完整的职业教育学历体系。其四，职业教育与外部环境的有效衔接部分，搭建了职业教育与普通教育及其与职业资格之间的衔接通道和桥梁，提出了职业教育国际化的路径。总之，论文论述了我国城市化进程中的职业教育问题，构建了适应经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整需要的现代职业教育体系，创造性地提出职业教育和普通教育相互沟通、职业教育与职业资格相互衔接的方式方法，丰富和完善了现代职业教育的理论体系，为职业教育的发展实践提供了重要的理论依据。当然，职业教育发展是一个复杂的系统，影响职业教育发展的因素很多，再加上本人视野、能力所限，本研究还存在一些不足，在今后的研究中加以改进。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important part of modern national education system, vocational educationhas a special important position, it bear the task of training a large number of skilledand applied talents which can adapt to the transformation of economic developmentpatterns and the requirements of economic structural adjustment for thesociety.Urbanization process requires to improve the quality and vocational skills ofthe transferring population, at the same time, the adjustment of economicstructure,the upgrading of industrial structure and the change of employmentstructure,also put forward higher and higher requirements about vocationaleducation.However, over the years, our country has always attached great importanceto academic talents but neglected the technology and skilled talents, the theory ofvocational education is very scarce. Vocational education practice in our country arelack of effective theoretical guidance. Vocational education has many problems, suchas, the concept of vocational education and training mode are backward,thehierarchical structure of the vocational education is not reasonable,basic vocationaleducation system is not sound,and vocational education internationalization degree isnot high, which has restricted our country’s urbanization and the adjustment of theeconomic structure.How to build a scientific and reasonable system of modernvocational education which can adapt to the demand of urbanization process is justwhat theoretical problems need to resolve. Based on this, this paper enrich and perfectour country’s vocational education system through the study of vocational educationdevelopment in the process of urbanization,which provide theoretical support for thepractice of vocational education in our country.In terms of research design, this paper combines the theory of urbanization andregional economic development theory, human capital theory and the development ofvocational education theory, the theory of multiple intelligences and the moderntheory of employment, the main research methods including norms and empirical,qualitative and quantitative combined, supplemented by literature research,comparison research, explore the question of vocational education development inurbanization process.The basic idea of this article is to analyze the interactive relationof urbanization and vocational education, discuss the main problems and the reasonsof vocational education development in the process of urbanization in our country,put forward the development goal of modern vocational education system, perfect themodern vocational education system in our country According to the design,this paperput vocational education development goals as a starting point, based on relatedtheory and the actual environmental factors,four aspects are studied and discussed,thatis the concept of vocational education development, the vocational education system, the vocational education structure,the effective connection of vocational educationand the external environment.First, the vocational education development concept design. Based on theconcept of people-oriented education, lifelong education idea, the concept ofentrepreneurship education, this article demonstrates the goal of vocational educationdevelopment in our country is formed the modern vocational education system whichcan adapt to the transformation of economic development patterns and industrialstructure adjustment, embody a concept of life-long education, coordinated thesecondary and higher vocational education development..And further demonstratesthe orientation of vocational education development, that is, the modern vocationaleducation system is the strategic choice which is to speed up the transformation of thepattern of economic development and the construction of a new system developmentof modern industry, the modern vocational education system is the strategicbreakthrough point of adjustment of education structure and the implementation ofeducation science development, the modern vocational education system is thestrategic cornerstone which is to establish a national technical skill accumulationsystem and enhance the competitiveness of the real economy, the modern vocationaleducation system is the strategic way of the guarantee to improve the livelihood ofthe people and growing middle-income groups, the modern vocational educationsystem is to realize the entire development of technical skills, talents, and let everychild be useful strategic moves.Second, the system of vocational education system design. In vocationaleducation management system, this paper proposed the government dominant,industry guidance, enterprises to participate in the school system, established a systemof modern vocational colleges on the basis of the cooperation between colleges andtechnical skills Shared between colleges establish industry accumulation system,establish the system of regional vocational education cooperation, establish avocational education community service system; In terms of investment system, thispaper puts forward that establishing is given priority to with the public finances,diversification of vocational education investment system; In the aspect of talentcultivation system, this paper puts forward that establishing "university-enterprisecooperation and work-integrated learning" new talent training system; In the aspect oflegal system, the paper puts forward how to further perfect our country’s existingvocational education laws and regulations.Third, the vocational education system structure design. In vocational educationtype structure, the paper puts forward to establish a modern vocational education typestructure, this structure can make the record of formal schooling education andtraining education to connect with each other, complement each other; In vocationaleducation professional structure, the paper puts forward the professional Settings to beproactive, adaptability, and professional characteristics, build a reasonable professional structure; Structure in vocational education area, the paper constructs andregional industrial structure, the structure of the students and appropriate to the levelof economic development of vocational education structure; In vocational educationhierarchy, this paper constructed including the level of higher vocational education,secondary vocational education, specialized subject undergraduate level highervocational education, the level of higher vocational education of postgraduate anddoctoral levels of higher vocational education, the complete system of vocationaleducation degree.Fourthly, the connecting part of vocational education and the externalenvironment. Based on the existing diversity of social education resources, this paperdiscussed how to integrate the existing resources effectively to improve the vocationaleducation system, set up vocational education and general education and professionalqualification of cohesion between channels and Bridges, puts forward thedevelopment of vocational education internationalization path.In a word, this paper discusses the problem of vocational education in theprocess of urbanization in our country, construct the modern vocational educationsystem which can adapt to the need of the transformation of economic developmentpatterns and economic structural adjustment,put forward the vocational education andordinary education, vocational education and professional qualification mutualconnection methods creatively, enrich and perfect the theory of modern vocationaleducation system, for the development of vocational education provides an importanttheoretical basis for practice.Vocational education development, of course, is acomplex system, there are many factors affecting the development of vocationaleducation, plus my field of vision, and the limit of the capacity, this research alsoexists some shortage, is improved in the future research.更多还原