基于科技创新的我国理工院校创业教育

【作者】 赵金华；

【导师】 孙迎光；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 1989年北京国际教育会议上将专业教育、职业教育和创业教育称为21世纪教育的三张通行证。此后,创业教育逐渐成为我国高等教育研究的热点问题之一。近年来,我国高校创业教育呈现出较快的发展态势,其中,理工院校由于数量多、理工专业特色明显及与社会经济发展的密切关系,其所开展的创业教育逐渐在高校创业教育中凸显出来,对它的研究正在引起越来越多的关注。在知识经济时代,社会经济发展对科技创业型人才迫切需求,理工院校依托科技创新优势,在科技创新人才培养、发明创造、技术转移及科技成果产业化等方面与社会经济发展建立起密切联系。在这样的背景下,理工院校创业教育将基于科技创新而开展,并藉此形成自己的特色。充分发挥创业教育在理工院校人才培养中的积极作用,需要辩证看待教育、科技与经济之间的关系,在适应社会经济发展需求和依托科技创新的前提下,为理工院校创业教育的发展找寻适合路径。论文首先通过介绍理工院校创业教育的背景、意义、内容及现状,提出理工院校创业教育是高校创业教育中一个值得关注的领域,其对社会经济发展及人才培养具有重要意义。其次,论文对理工院校的内涵、创业教育及其相关概念、理工院校创业教育的理论基础和理工专业的创业者进行分析,认为理工院校的特点决定其在科技创新方面具有一定优势,这要求理工院校的创业教育不能忽视其专业背景因素,并应在充分发挥这个优势的基础上开展创业教育,理工院校创业教育的根本目的是促进理工专业大学生的全面发展,这种全面发展之中包含着个性化发展的因素。再次,论文对理工院校创业教育的发展历程进行了回顾,总结出我国理工院校创业教育的基本经验,并通过分析国外与理工院校创业教育有关活动对我国的启示,从整体上进一步把握我国理工院校创业教育的状况,为梳理存在的问题创造条件,在此基础上,通过问卷调查,归纳出我国理工院校创业教育的问题比较集中地表现在观念、模式、课程及实践四个方面。最后,论文针对我国理工院校创业教育存在的问题,提出理工院校创业教育发展的对策建议,即：树立基于科技创新的创业教育观念、构建起创业教育的“混合型”模式、加强理工院校创业教育的课程建设及打造创业教育实践的“循环圈”。其中,关于理工院校创业教育的“观念”、“模式”和“实践”,既是研究的重点所在,也是论文的创新思考,是通过明确理工院校创业教育的内涵及特征、选择适合理工专业背景的创业教育运行方式和解决当中的突出问题来系统地推进理工院校创业教育的尝试。论文还对我国理工院校创业教育的发展趋势进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Professional education, vocational education and entrepreneurship education were called three passports for21st century education at Beijing International Education Conference in1989. Since then, entrepreneurship education has been becoming one of the hot topics in higher education area in our country. In recent years, entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities takes a prominent place in higher education, and attracts more and more people’s attention.In the era of knowledge economy, social and economic development needs science and technology creative talents urgently. Relying on scientific and technological innovation advantage, science and engineering universities has established a close contact with the social and economic development in the perspectives of science and technology creative talents training, inventions, technology transfer and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Under this background, science and engineering universities will carry out entrepreneurship education based on scientific and technological innovation, and form its own characteristics. In order to make entrepreneurship education play a positive role in the talents training in science and engineering universities, we need to treat the relationship between education, economics, science and technology dialectically, and to explore a way suitable for the development of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities.Based on the background, the significance, the content and the current situation of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities, this paper puts forward that entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities is an area of concern, and it play an important role in the social and economic development and talents training. In the second part, the paper analyzes the connotation of science and engineering universities, entrepreneurship education and its related concepts, entrepreneurs majoring in science and technology, and the theoretical foundation of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities. The author believes that the characteristics of science and engineering universities determine its advantages in science and technology innovation. Therefore, science and engineering universities should carry out entrepreneurship education based on the advantage. The fundamental purpose of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities is to promote the overall development of science and engineering majors. Personalized development is included in the overall development. In the third part, based on the review of the development history of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities, the paper summarizes its basic experience. Through the analysis of enlightenment of the activities related with entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities in foreign countries to China, the paper presents an overall status of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities in our country. It is useful to sort out the existing problems. Through a questionnaire survey, the problems about entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities in our country fall into four aspects, including ideas, patterns, programs and practice. Finally, the paper puts forward suggestions on the problems and the development of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities in our country, including establishing entrepreneurship education idea based on science and technology innovation, developing a "hybrid" model of entrepreneurship education, strengthening the construction of entrepreneurship education courses and building entrepreneurship education practices "circle". The idea, pattern, and practice are not only the emphasis of the research, but also the innovative thinking of the paper. It tries to boost entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities through identifying the connotation and features of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities, choosing mode of operation suitable for science and engineering major background, solving the prominent problems. The paper gives an outlook of the development trend of entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities in our country. In the author’s opinion, the practicalness and the socialization will become more apparent in the future. With the rise of "entrepreneurial university", there will be more opportunities for the development of entrepreneurship education in science and technology universities.更多还原