高校德育评估研究

【作者】 赵祖地；

【导师】 刘云林；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 “立德树人”是高等教育的根本任务,作为居于高等教育核心部位的高校德育,在全面完成高等教育根本任务中起着至关重要的作用。关注和研究高校德育评估是高校德育的理想诉求、高校德育评估实践的呼唤,是时代赋予我们的责任与使命。本研究以高校德育评估为研究对象,综合运用多种研究手段与方法,借鉴教育评估及德育学的基本原理,运用马克思主义立场、观点与方法,运用现代科学理论,对高校德育评估理论与实践进行反思；探讨高校德育评估何以必要、何以可能,以何实现；分析与审视当前高校德育评估存在的问题及其产生的根源；并从“根源”入手,依次对高校德育的评估本源、评估理论、评估方法、评估应用等进行深入探讨,试图为建构高校德育评估理论体系添砖加瓦。针对当前高校德育评估理论与实践实际,本研究对德育评估的本源与逻辑起点进行梳理与研究,着力追溯德育评估的理论本源。马克思主义经典作家德育评估思想、中国化马克思主义德育评估思想是德育评估的指导思想,中国传统德育评估思想、西方德育评估思想是德育评估思想资源,德育价值论、教育评估论及其它相关学科理论是德育评估的理论基础。高校德育评估理论建设是高校德育评估研究的核心。在探索“德育评估的一般原理”的基础上,对德育评估的系统及特征、德育评估的要素与结构等进行深入研究,以进一步认识与把握德育评估的本质与规律,以期构建高校德育评估理论之内核。高校德育评估系统是为了实现高效德育目标而建立起来的各组成部分的有机整体,它包括德育评估的主体、德育评估客体、德育评估介体等要素,是一个由多因素组成的复杂系统,具有整体性、开放性、实践性等特点。高校德育评估结构包括过程结构、要素结构及要素关系等。高校德育评估本质是一种认识、是一种价值判断、是评估客体的对象化反映。高校德育评估的规律包括德育评估系统外适律、德育评估要素耦合律、德育评估量质统一律等。探索切实可行的、可重复的、科学的高校德育评估方法是高校德育评估研究的重要任务。充分运用数学理论、教育统计学原理,着力在德育评估方案的制定、德育评估指标体系的建构、德育评估信息的搜集与分析、德育评估结果检验与结果处理等方面进行研究,以进一步丰富德育评估理论。德育评估方案的设计与优化是德育评估方案制定的重点；高校德育评估标准的编制与量表、高校德育评估指标的权重与权集是高校德育评估的指标体系建构的主要内容；高校德育评估信度、效度、可靠度检验是德育评估结果检验的核心；高校德育评估结果的分析与诊断、德育评估结果的反馈是德育评估重要的不可或缺的最后环节。研究的目的在于应用,在于指导具体的、生动的德育评估实践。德育评估是对德育过程及其结果作出价值判断,无论是德育各个工作环节的过程,还是德育终端的结果,都在实践领域。因此,必须根据德育评估的对象领域,分别从学校层面,院系层面,年级班级层面,学生个体层面的德育评估进行研究,以真正认识与把握高校德育评估规律。最后,从学科的视角,观照和审视高校德育评估,提出了高校德育评估的学科构想。“高校德育评估”有自身独特的、不可替代的研究领域与研究对象；有自身的理论体系,即德育评估的概念、原理、规律等所构成的严密的逻辑化的知识系统；有自身的研究方法,即德育评估“学科”知识的生产方式。初步具备作为“高校德育评估”独立学科的要素条件。高校德育评估“学科”的能否顺利“产生”并得到发展,很大程度上取决于它对高等教育“立德树人”这一根本任务的意义,取决于它对人类社会文明进步的价值,取决于它对未来教育科学、德育科学体系完善的贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fundamental task of higher education is " moral educatoin and students training". As the core of higher education, moral education in colleges and universities plays a vital role in fully accomplishing this fundamental task. The study of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities, is an appeal to the ideal of moral education, a call to the practice of moral and a responsibility bestowed on us.This research takes moral education evaluation as the object, comprehensively uses multiple research means and methods, learns basic principles from educational assessment and moral education, utilizes the standpoint viewpoint and method of Marxism, and applies modem scientific theories to rethink the moral education theory and practice in colleges and universities. It discusses the necessity, the possibility and the approaches to achieve the moral education evaluation in colleges and universities as well as analyzes and inspects the existing problems and the generating roots to the problems. According to the roots, this paper takes in-depth explorations in original basis, evaluation theories, assessment method, and evaluation practice of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities, and tries to construct and complete the system of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities.Based on the current moral education evaluation theory and practice in colleges and universities, this research analyzes and studies the ultimate source and logic starting point of moral education evaluation, and puts forth effort on the ultimate source of theory. The moral education evaluation thoughts of classical Marxist writers and Chinese Marxism are the guiding thoughts of moral education evaluation; Traditional Chinese and western thoughts of moral education evaluations are the thought resources of moral education evaluation; The axiology of moral education, the theory of education evaluation, and the theories of some other related disciplines are the theoretical basis of moral education evaluation.The theory construction of moral education evaluation is the core of the study on moral education evaluation in colleges and universities. On the basis of exploring "general principles of moral education evaluation", this research makes a deep study on the system, characteristics, elements, and structures of moral education evaluation so as to further understand and seize the essence and rule of moral education evaluation, and to establish the core of moral education evaluation theory. Moral education evaluation system, as an entirety of all components, was established to achieve the goal of moral education evaluation. It is a complicated systems consisting of many elements including the subject, the object and the medium of moral education evaluation,and characterized by integrality, openness, practicalness, etc. The structures of moral education evaluation include process structure, element structure, relationship structure, etc. The essence of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities is a kind of cognition, a kind of value judgment, and an objectified reflection to the evaluation objects. There are some rules of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities, such as external applicable law of moral education evaluation system, coupled law of moral evaluation elements, quantity and quality unified law of moral education evaluation, etc.Exploring achievable, repeatable, and scientific moral education evaluation methods is the important mission of the study on moral education evaluation in college and universities. Through fully utilizing mathematical theory and educational statistics, this paper mainly conducts studies on formulating schemes of moral education evaluation, collecting and analyzing information of moral education evaluation, and verifying and managing the results of moral education evaluation, so as to further enrich the theory of moral education evaluation. The design and optimization of moral education evaluation scheme is the key point to the establishment of moral education evaluation scheme; the compiling and the scale of moral education evaluation criteria in colleges and universities, and the weight and right set of moral education evaluation index in colleges and universities are the main contents of moral education evaluation index system construction; the reliability, validity, and reliability inspection are the core to moral education evaluation results test; the analysis and diagnose to the result of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities, and the feedback to education evaluation result are the last important and necessary part.The purpose of the study lies in the application, guiding specific and vivid practice of moral education evaluation. Moral education evaluation is to make a value judgment on moral education process and result. Be it the process of each working link of moral education or the result of moral education terminal, both of them focus on the practice field. Thus, it is essential to study all the levies on the basis of object fields, ranging from the college and department level, the class and grade level to the individual student level so as to understand and grasp the rules of moral education evaluation.Finally, it raises ideas to the discipline of moral education evaluation in colleges and universities from the perspective of subject disciplines and by observing moral education evaluation in colleges and universities. Moral education evaluation in colleges and universities has its own unique and irreplaceable research field and research object; it has its own theoretical system, which is a rigorous and logical knowledge system formed by concept, principle, law, etc; it has its own research method, which is the production mode of discipline knowledge of moral education evaluation. Thus, it preliminarily has the factor conditions as an independent discipline of "moral education evaluation in colleges and universities". Whether or not the "discipline" of moral education evaluation. in colleges and universities can be generated and make progress depends on its significance to the fundamental task of "moral education’, on its value to the progress of human society civilization, and on its contribution to the improvement of system perfection of educational science and moral education science in the future.更多还原